SUNNYSIDE-BALGONE. 89 



after being erupted through the strata, has flowed over them. 

 Near Hollandside, and on the southern acclivity of Trap- 

 rain-Law, sandstone is exposed for a few yards, dipping to 

 the S. W. at about 20°, thus resting upon the porphyry, to 

 which a slight appearance of induration is probably to be 

 attributed. It sinks below a porphyritic basalt, which with 

 claystone forms one of the sides of the valley of Blakie's 

 Haugh. The felspar porphyry of this hill is in many places 

 arranged in very distinct tabular concretions, which vary 

 both in magnitude and position. Of the southern part of 

 this extensive formation of trap, the only point which exhi- 

 bits in a very clear manner the protrusion of the trap, sub- 

 sequent to the formation of strata, is in the limestone quarries 

 of Sunnyside. In one of these openings, the mountain lime- 

 stone, with its associated variously coloured slate-clay s, dip to 

 the north at 30°, lying under a ferruginous felspathic green- 

 stone, which is found risingthrough themintheform of a dyke 

 of about three feet in thickness ; there are no appearances 

 of induration, but the slates exhibit several undulations. 

 (PL X- Fig. 3.) The effects of the trap upon the limestone 

 cannot be observed, though that it does traverse it, the fact of 

 crossing strata which rest upon the limestone at once proves. 

 At Phantassie the same limestone appears, in the im- 

 mediate vicinity of trap ; and tracing it eastward, it may be 

 examined at Balgone in the neighbourhood of the igni- 

 genous rocks. The limestone here is considerably indurat- 

 ed, and contains numerous small veins of calcareous spar, 

 in which drusy cavities occur, lined with minute groups 

 of quartz-crystals. In position, this limestone is very 

 much altered ; it is fractured and contorted, and in many 

 places the lines of stratification are much obliterated. The 

 position of the white sandstone of this part of East Lo- 

 thian, as it is exposed in artificial openings, and in the 



