THE HADDOCK. 337 



cod is taken, supplies the fishermen and their families with 

 food. The Norwegians give it with marine plants to their 

 cows, for the purpose of producing a greater proportion of 

 milk. The vertebrae, the ribs, and the bones in general are 

 given to their cattle by the Icelanders. The lens are made 

 into necklaces for children, and the ear-bones are often 

 found in the possession of the curious. Even their intes- 

 tines and their eggs contribute to the luxury of the table.*"* 

 Its fishing is consequently of great importance, as afford- 

 ing subsistence and occupation to a numerous population. 



The Cod is easily distinguished from other British fishes 

 by having three dorsal fins, the lower half of the lateral 

 line white, and a barbule on the lower jaw. Mr Jenyns, 

 not without good reason, has very justly omitted the Ga- 

 dus Callarias of Linnaeus as a British species. 



MORRHUA ^EGLEFINUS. THE HADDOCK. 



Specific Characters. — Lateral line black ; a large black spot on each 

 side under the first dorsal fin ; first anal fin commencing under the 

 second dorsal. 



Description. — Head, of a specimen two feet in length, one-fourth 

 the whole length of the fish ; depth of the body rather less than the 

 length of the head. Colour of the back dusky brown ; belly dirty 

 white ; all the fins dusky, the dorsal, caudal, and pectorals rather 

 more so ; lateral line black ; between the base of the first dorsal and 

 pectoral fins, a large dark spot, varying in size and intensity of co- 

 lour in different individuals ; pupil large of a deep blue. First dorsal 

 fin somewhat of a triangular form, slightly curved at the summit, com- 

 mencing in a line over the base of the pectorals ; second ray the longest, 

 reaching, when folded down, to the base of the third ray of the se- 

 cond dorsal fin, the fifth ray as long as the base of the fin, the re- 

 maining rays rapidly decreasing in height, the last very small. Se- 

 cond dorsal fin commencing at a short interval from the termination of 

 the first, the fourth ray the longest, about half the length of the base of 

 the fin, the rest, of the rays gradually decreasing; the last ray very short. 



" Griffith, dirimal Kingdom. 



