1 8 Watson, Calinaga, Single Germs of a Sub-family. 



siincB, I find it developed, though in a varying degree 

 of development from a weak transitionary character, 

 as in P. apollo C, to a well-formed type as in Mnemosyne, 

 Glacialis, and Stubbendorfi. 



In the PieridcE the basal cell is found also to exist in 

 a few genera. Callidryas, the type genus of the sub-family 

 Callidryinae, shews it fairly well developed ; the genus 

 Mesapia, of the sub-family PierincE, has it, and in the 

 diagnosis of the genus by Mr. Kirby in the Entomologist 

 (Vol. XXVII., p. loi), he says: "A well-marked basal 

 cell." In the Leptocircince 2. monogeneric (or perhaps truly 

 bigeneric) subfamily of PapilionidcB it is also found. In 

 the NymphaltdcB it is, as I have stated, present in Danais, 

 Amauris, Hestia, Caduga and allied genera of the 

 DanaincB ; in the Morphines it is also found ; but in the 

 Diadema section of the NymphalincB (the section in which 

 Calinaga is placed by Schatz and Kirby) there is no trace 

 of it whatever, but in Calinaga it is found in a stage of 

 development (or degeneration) equal to and almost 

 identical in form with that stage as seen in Parnassitis, 

 that is the mediocostal is weak, the internocostal much 

 weaker and apparently not wholly tubular. 



To summarise: — the evidence of basal cell structure is 

 that Calinaga is in its formation similar to Parnassius and 

 dissimilar to the Danaince and still less similar to 

 Hypolyvinas. 



The existence of a basal cell in Calinaga appears to 

 have been overlooked, and I am pleased to be able to 

 shew the photomicrograph of this important structure. 

 In Schatz's splendid work on neuration it is not shewn 

 neither is it shewn to exist in the genera of Thaidinoe 

 Ismene, and Doritis, nor also is it figured in Parnassius 

 though, in various forms, it is found in every species 

 which I have yet examined. 



