Manchester Memoirs, Vol. xlm. (iSgg), IVo. It. 19 



The only point in which Calinaga approaches the 

 Diadema group of the NymphalincE is in the weakened 

 upper discocellular nervure of the hind wings and the 

 still weaker lower discocellular. In Diadema, for an 

 example, the upper discocellular is similar in formation 

 to Calinaga, but the lower one is entirely absent, 

 leaving the wing cell open ; amongst the PierincE, however, 

 we get certain genera, Aporia, Metaporia, &c., where, 

 exactly as in Calinaga, the upper discocellular is stronger 

 than the lower ; the antithesis to this is found in the 

 DanaincB genera, Caduga, Danais and others, where the 

 relative position is reversed, the upper discocellular being 

 weak and the lower strong. 



The Evidence of General Facies. 



In discussing the evidence of wing-markings or general 

 facies I shall not go into a lengthy description of the 

 plan of coloration of the sub-family. There is not much 

 variation in the disposition of the wing-markings in either 

 of the two species, except one of degree. Generally 

 speaking all the nervures are black, and in the inter- 

 nervular area the centre portion is paler or hyaline 

 more or less split up by the running outwards from the 

 nervures of the dark scaling found on and contiguous to 

 the nervures.* The Thibetan specimens of Davidis are 

 generally dark suffused all over, whilst the Western 

 China specimens are very much paler. 



In the discoidal cell of the fore-wings of both species 

 there is a dark transverse fascia stretching completely 

 across the cell. 



* An identical case of the breaking up of the internervular grey area 

 into two can be beautifully seen by comparing specimens of Metaporia, 

 Largetani, Caphusa, Ariace, and Agathon. 



