282 Mr. Brockbank and Mr. C. E. de Range on 



Notes on the Geological section exposed in the Railway 

 Cutting from Levenshulme to Fallowfield. By Wm. 

 Brockbank, F.G.S., F.L.S., and C. E. de Ranee, 

 Assoc. Inst. C.E., F.G.S., F.R.G.S., F.R.M.S., of 

 H.M. Geological Survey.* 



(Received December i6, iSpo.) 



Part I. 

 Tke Upper Coal Measures. 



The Levenshulme section exhibits the " upper measures 

 of the Lancashire Coal Field " — a description first used by 

 Elias Hall, in the key to his Geological Map of Lancashire 

 and Cheshire, where he adopts the term "Manchester Coal 

 Field " for these Upper Coal Measures. Mr. Binney again 

 used it in his paper on the Lancashire and Cheshire Coal 

 Fields, read in iZ-^^giTrans, Manchr. Geol. Socy. Vol. I., p. 69). 

 He there states that the limestones of Ardwick and Whiston 

 are the highest portion known, and therefore may be con- 

 sidered the upper boundary of the field. These were 

 considered to be of fresh-water origin. He also clearly 

 pointed out in his sketch of the Geology of Manchester, 

 that the " Lower New Red Sandstone " (Permian) is 

 unconformable to the coal measures beneath. 



The Collyhurst section was that which Mr. Binney had 

 before him, and it long remained the only illustration of the 

 junction of Upper Coal Measures with the Permians, and 

 was visited by many geological enquirers accordingly. It 

 was, however, a very unsatisfactory illustration, as the actual 

 contact was never well shewn, and the passage beds were 

 much covered up by drift clays. When the British Asso- 

 ciation visited Manchester in 186 1 an excavation was made 

 at the junction of the Permian sandstone with the Coal 



* Communicated with the permission of the Director General. 



