NON-CHRISTIAN PEOPLES OE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 1193 



PADDING AS ARMOR 



A Bukidnon warrior equips himself in 

 a sort of rude armor, consisting of gar- 

 ments thickly padded with kapok, or tree 

 cotton, held in place with yards upon 

 yards of strong cotton cloth (see page 

 1 164). War-knife and lance are the of- 

 fensive weapons, while a large wooden 

 shield of characteristic form is used for 

 defense. 



The Bukidnons love music and dances, 

 in which women and girls very gracefully 

 manipulate kerchiefs or shawls between 

 their extended fingers, moving with a 

 peculiar gliding step wholly different 

 from anything to be seen among other 

 Philippine tribes. 



A distinguished visitor upon approach- 

 ing a Bukidnon town is usually met by 

 a fully armed warrior, who brandishes a 

 formidable lance with a bell on the end 

 of its long handle. This dangerous-look- 

 ing individual dances about in a most as- 

 tonishing fashion, making faces, thrust- 

 ing out his tongue, and shaking his lance 

 as if about to run one through. Though 

 expected to smile appreciatively at this 

 rather alarming display, a man can usu- 

 ally not quite forget how absolutely he is 

 at the mercy of an armed savage. 



Nearly all the Bukidnon villages have 

 well-attended schools and are connected 

 with telephone lines, which are freely 

 used. The people are converting their 

 beautiful and naturally rich country into 

 a checkerboard, with roads and trails for 

 dividing lines. They are giving up their 

 picturesque native costume so rapidly 

 that typical garments are even now hard 

 to obtain — a fact which is to be regretted, 

 as the garb of the Filipinos which they 

 are adopting is not more modest or more 

 serviceable and is far less picturesque. 



the: BUIvANGANES 



The Bulanganes inhabit a forested and 

 mountainous region in southern Mindanao 

 extending over some 45 miles from Ta- 

 montaca toward the southeast coast. 



The Jesuits say of them that they are 

 so savage and fierce that even the Moros 

 are afraid of them and call them bad 

 peonle. • ?■ • ' ' 



They constitutes^ tribe" of doubtful 

 validity, included here solely on the au- 



thority of Jesuit missionary priests. It is 

 highly probable that a careful study of 

 the peoples living in the vicinity of the . 

 Gulf of Davao will result, as such a study 

 has resulted in northern Luzon, in greatly 

 reducing the number of recognized tribes. 



the: guiangas 



The Guiangas, who inhabit the north- 

 ern and eastern slopes of Mount Apo 

 and the River Mala and its tributaries, 

 in the district of Davao, are said by the 

 Jesuits to be in all respects similar to the 

 Bagobos, although they speak a peculiar 

 dialect. According to the Jesuit Eather 

 Gispart, who did missionary work among 

 them, they number approximately 6,400. ". 



Although I have seen tliem only once, '? 

 I venture to express doubt as to whether 

 they are really tribally distinct from the 

 Bagobos. I think it more probable that, 

 as in the case of the two groups of Ben- 

 guet Igorots speaking Kakanai and Na- 

 baloi respectively, this is a case of two 

 sections of one tribe with more or less 

 distinct dialects. 



THIS II^UGAOS {Stt PICTURES, PAGES II67, 

 II68, I216, I218, 1224, AND 1246) 



The Ifugaos are a powerful, warlike, 

 head-hunting tribe, numbering at present 

 125,000. They inhabit a very mountain- 

 ous but for the most part unforested re- 

 gion in the central part of northern Lu- 

 zon, which formerly constituted the 

 northwestern portion of the province of 

 Nueva Vizcaya, but has not been made a 

 subprovince of the Mountain Province 

 and bears the name of the tribe. 



Although the men are not large or 

 heavily built and many of the women 

 are comparatively small, they are a 

 healthy, vigorous, well-muscled, and com- 

 paratively cleanly people. 



The ordinary dress of the men is a 

 long, dark-blue clout, with or without 

 white stripes or scarlet figures. In addi- 

 tion, men who can afford to do so often 

 carry more or less elaborately yvoven 

 blankets. Their chests, necks, and some- 

 times their legs are ornamented with tat- 

 too patterns peculiar to the tribe (see 

 pa^e II 67). : : ;: 



Their hair is worn in a highly charac- 

 teristic fashion. One is tempted to sus- 



