84 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



The typical gall associated with this species is a podlike, somewhat 

 reniform stem enlargement with a length of approximately three- 

 fourths of an inch, a major diameter of one-half of an inch and a 

 minor diameter or thickness of three-eighths of an inch. It is 

 very apt to show an irregular suture along the outer margin, sug- 

 gesting a point of adherence, and on tearing the deformity open 

 with blunt instruments or the fingers it is at once apparent that the 

 larvae or pupae, as the case may be, occupy a somewhat regular, 

 curved series of nearly uniformly spaced cells, each with a length of 

 6 or 7 mm, a diameter of 3 mm, separated from its fellow by a wall 

 of tissue 1 to 3 mm thick and when containing pupae at least, lined 

 with a whitish pubescence. The arrangement suggests very much 

 the conditions obtaining in the grape apple gall of Schizomyia 

 p o m u m Walsh & Riley, except that there is but one series of cells 

 instead of a double row. 



The occurrence of galls among the leaf and flower buds on the 

 tips of these plants indicates that infestation occurs while the affected 

 tissues are in a formative condition, and the probabilities are that 

 the firmer and more characteristic enlargements of the stems also 

 originate while the affected tissues are in a similar condition. 



The following stages are described for the first time : 



Larva. Length 3 mm, mostly whitish yellow, moderately stout 

 and with a more or less distinct, usually quadridentate breastbone. 

 The young larvae occurring in immature galls are more slender and 

 apparent ly have a somewhat different breastbone from that of the 

 older larvae found in association with recently transformed pupae. 



Exuvium. A nearly uniform light yellowish brown. 



Pupa. Length 4 mm, thoracic horns long, slender, the body mostly 

 a dark reddish orange, the older pupae with the eyes, the wing 

 and leg cases dark brown. 



Periodical Cicada (Tibicen septendecim Linn.) . A 

 brood of this large, remarkable insect appeared in the western 

 part of the State, and inasmuch as the life cycle is an extraordinarily 

 long one and the species appears to be materially affected by natural 

 enemies and changes incident to the clearing up and the settlement 

 of the country, the persistence of this form is of more than usual 

 interest. This brood was founded by Doctor Riley on records 

 which run back to 1797. 



The following records respecting the abundance and distribution 

 of this insect have been brought together through the cooperation 

 of a number of correspondents. 



Cayuga county. The trees at the upper edge of the Great Gulley 

 brook east from Farley's showed many dead branches caused by 

 oviposition (C. R. Crosby, Ithaca). 



