THE ADIROND.U K GRAPHITE DEPOSITS 1 5 



south side of Buck mountain about 7 miles by road northwest of 

 Ticonderoga, and a like distance southwest of Crown Point at about 

 1 1 00 feet elevation. 



The mine openings lie directly west of the pond where the main 

 bed of the graphite-bearing rock outcrops on the northern slope of 

 a small knoll a hundred feet high, several hundred feet from the 

 pond. These openings occur directly behind the mill and extend 

 west along the outcrop for 230 feet. Then after passing an in- 

 terval of 720 feet to the west a second cut extends about 200 feet. 

 In neither case has the excavation extended beyond 40 feet in 

 depth. The bed of graphitic material can be followed along the 

 strike for 1000 feet or more. 



The eastern pits. The ore consists of two distinct rocks: a soft 

 crumbly limestone carrying fairly large flake graphite, and the 

 foot wall, a dense green rock 1 produced by the action of the neigh- 

 boring granite upon the limestone. The rocks here strike north 40 

 west (magnetic) 2 and dip from 25 ° to 30 southwest into the hill. 



In the main drift-opening a crush zone occurs indicating a minor 

 fault that cuts off the soft limestone bringing in a hard, unweathered 

 variety. The ore contains considerable mica (phlogopite). 



The western pits. Here the dip is considerably greater, being 

 from 50 to 6o°. Professor Crosby suggested the possibility of a 

 fault being located somewhere in the concealed portion of the 

 interval. The writer offers below another interpretation. 



The summit prospects pits. On the hillside above the western 

 cut are several prospect openings displaying the contact type of 

 ore. This, although of spectacular appearance, is not of com- 

 mercial importance. 



The mill equipment. The mill is situated near the pond, where 

 a plentiful supply of water for the boilers etc., was secured by 

 pumping. The mill was amply large but is now in a ruined con- 

 dition. The equipment consisted of crushers, rolls, buddies, tube 

 dryers and blotters which are today of no value. 



Geology and structure. The ore is chiefly limestone which 

 has been invaded by a coarse variety of granite, known to geologists 

 as pegmatite. This is of later age than the limestone and when in 

 hot fluid condition profoundly affected the limestone, producing 

 the green contact rock mentioned above. -Graphite has been, 

 developed in this rock by chemical changes taking place during the 



1 Professor Crosby, in a report upon this property, interpreted this rock as 

 quartzite. 



2 All compass readings are given uncorrected for the convenience of the miners. 

 The correction in 191 7 was about 13 west of north. 



