18 Th. Lewis, 



either hœmal or hœmal lymphatic glands will he fouìicl in all the 

 mammalia: I have at any rate found them m all mammals dissected. 



In Birds the distribution seems to be very much less constant. 

 Typical haemal glands have been found in the fowl, turkey and pheasant, 

 but in many others, they have been searched for in vain. 



In Reptiles and Amphibians it is doubtful whether hœmal or 

 haemal lymphatic glands exist at all, except in the case of one organ, 

 the spleen. 



In Fishes, a few bodies having the same naked eye appearances 

 as typical haemal glands were described in the silver eel: further in 

 almost all Teleostean fishes the anterior end of the kidney has a 

 similar structure to haemal glands. 



Thus it would appear that haeniolymph glands are most charac- 

 teristically developed in the higher forms of vertebrate liïe, or those 

 in which the red blood corpuscles are non-nucleated. 



V. Methods. 



In the preparation of material for microscopic examination, nume- 

 rous methods have been employed. I have examined fresh preparations, 

 including cover glass specimens, sections with the freezing microtome, 

 and teased preparations of the various parts of the glands , after 

 treatment with various stains. The bulk of the tissues however have 

 been fixed and hardened in one or other of the following fluids: — 

 "corrosive sublimate solution", "alcohol" of various strengths, "Milller's 

 fluid", "ZenJcefs mixture", "acetic bichromate solution", or "Flemming's 

 fluid". After hardening, the tissues were washed, dehydrated, soaked 

 in xylol or cedar wood oil and subsequently embedded in soft or hard 

 paraffln. I have obtained very good results with "corrosive subli- 

 mate" or "acetic bichromate" solutions, but for details of cell structure 

 "Flemming's solution" has been employed to most advantage. 



In the majority of cases the sections were cut with the rocking 

 microtome and mounted on albuminized slides, after carefully floating 

 out on water. In staining I have used hœmalum, carmalum, eosin, 

 picric acid, borax carmine, methyl blue, methylene blue, toluidene blue, 

 acid fuchsine, methyl orange, saffranin, magdala red, and other dyes. 



