The Structure and Functions of the ha^molymph Glands and Spleen. 9 



Id an examination of a post mortem subject, I have found the 

 giands in large numbers. In the chest many glands were seen in the 

 root of the lungs, in close proximity to the bronchi and bronchial 

 vessels, for the most part posterior to them, and lined on the one side 

 by pleura. A few were discovered in the prevertebral region, between 

 the vertebrae and the aorta and oesophagus, losely embedded in fat 

 or areolar tissue. In the abdomen the glands were even more nume- 

 rous, occurring' in the prevertebral retroperitoneal region behind the 

 aorta and vena cava, forming a broken chain extending from the 

 diaphragm, in front of the last dorsal the lumbar and upper two or 

 three sacral vertebrae, into the pelvis. These chains of glands usually 

 follow a large artery or its branches; thus the iliac arteries, both 

 external and internal, are accompanied by such irregular chains of 

 glands, which in the case of the internal extend well into the 

 pelvis and are related to the side walls of the bladder and rectum. 

 The Coeliac axis and all its branches likewise have glands in relation 

 to them. A chain of glands was found along the lesser curvature of 

 the stomach, accompanying the coronary artery and pyloric branch of 

 the hepatic. A more incomplete chain, consisting in fact of but a 

 few small inconspicuous glands of pinkish colour, existed along the 

 greater curvature upon the course of the epiploic arteries. A few 

 were seen in the neighbourhood of the duodenum, or more correctly 

 in the root of the transverse mesocolon. In the mesentery of the 

 jejunum and ileum a conspicuous chain was found at a distance of 

 one inch from the gut. The superior mesenteric artery sends off its 

 rami intestini tenuis, and these anastomose to form a series of arterial 

 arcades, the branches from these anastomose and again form with each 

 other a new series of arcades, and so on. The glands of the intestine 

 were found between the branches from the last series of arches. In 

 the mesocolon the arrangement was very similar, though the glands were 

 even more numerous. Many of the structures were found behind the 

 ascending and descending colon and caecum, which was in this case 

 slung by a considerable mesentery. The glands in the transverse meso- 

 colon were most conspicuous. A few small glands were also seen in the 

 neighbourhood of the renal vessels, lying chiefly posterior to them. 



