96 peesident's address. 



at Hawaii; and in depth they sometimes descend to nearly 3,000 

 fathoms. 



(c) The Hed Mud is a deposit taking place along the east coast 

 of South America. ''There can be little doubt but that this red 

 colour is due to the presence of the ochreous matter carried into 

 the Atlantic by the South American rivers, and there are reasons 

 for thinking that the red colour of some of the deep sea clays in 

 this region of the Atlantic may have a like origin." This Eed 

 Mud in places descends to 2,000 fathoms. 



(<?) Coral Mud is confined to the neighbourhood of Coral Eeefs, 

 and consists of the more or less comminuted particles of Coral 

 and the calcareous remains of MoUusca, Polyzoa, Poraminifera, 

 etc. This deposit, for example, is of great extent around Ber- 

 muda, and reaches from the edge of the reef down to a depth of 

 2,500 fathoms. 



(e) Glacial Clays are in course of deposition around the Arctic 

 and Antarctic poles, where the icebergs carry out to sea, and in 

 melting let fall upon the bottom the mud, sand, and angulated 

 stones and rocks which they have conveyed from the land. 



C. Deep Sea Deposits. 



The Deep Sea Deposits of the Great Oceans are known to as- 

 sume five characters:— («) Gloligerina Ooze, (l) Biloculina Ooze, 

 (c) Bed and Gray Clays, {d) Radiolarian Ooze, (e) Biatomacean 

 Ooze. 



{a) The Gloligerina Ooze covers the greater part of the Ocean 

 floors in depths between 500 and 2,500 fathoms, except that it 

 does not appear to extend in the Southern Ocean beyond Lat. 

 50° S., nor to the north beyond the Arctic Circle, nor was it 

 observed in the Pacific north of Lat. 10° N. This Globigerina 

 Ooze consists, as its name implies, of a vast percentage of the 

 dead shells of Poraminifera belonging to the genus Gloligerina. 

 It is made up indeed mainly of the remains of animals which 

 lived on the surface of the sea, and when dead have sunk to 

 the bottom ; of Gloligerina, Orlulina, Pulvinulina, Pullenia, 

 Sphceroidina, and S^astigerina ; of Pteropod MoUusca, Coccospheres 



