184 MISCELLANEA. 



ravines and fells, high as they are now above the sea level, were 

 once submerged beneath the waters of an ocean, and were formed 

 and moulded by the Polar Ice Cap. 



Besides the scratchings on the sides of the block, the generally 

 rounded appearance of its outlines indicates the grinding process 

 and ice action. This roundness might be of course owing partly 

 to exposure to ordinary weather during the long ages it must 

 have been where it now is. This cause, however, does not ap- 

 pear to have had much effect, moss or lichens cover great part of 

 the stone, which is sound and good, and shews no symptom of 

 decay or disintegration. — Septimus Oswald. 



A New Lichen found in Northumberland. — In a gathering of 

 Lichens made at Bywell, ^Northumberland, the following new 

 species was found: — Lecanora alho-lutesceus (Nylander). The 

 thallus is white, or between white and grey ; its growth seems 

 to be from white at first to a bluish-grey in age. It is closely 

 adherent, indeterminate, and thinly scattered. The apothecia 

 are waxy, orange-red, concave, with a thick proper margin, 

 growing paler outward until it blends with the subtending thai- 

 line margin. The centre of the apothecium is sometimes fur- 

 nished with an umbo, and the margin often flexuose. The 

 hypothecium is pale, paraphyses moderate, free. Spores are 

 eight in number, polari-bilocular, ellipsoid; polar cells large, 

 with a distinct connecting tube. Thallus R. C, apothecia E. 

 deep crimson. 



This Lichen was found on sandstone rocks, by the Tyne side, 

 a little below Bywell Bridge. We submitted it to Dr. Ifylander, 

 Paris, who named it, and whose description of it may be seen in 

 "Grrevillea" for Sept., 1881. He thinks it probable that this 

 plant is descended from Lecanora Turneriana ; it resembles the 

 latter in the form of its spores, but there is a marked difference 

 between the two lichens. L. Turneriana has a darker and denser 

 thallus, with apothecia darker and less peculiar in form. — Rev. 

 W. Johnson. 



Notice of Salmon Trout in Omelurn, Newcastte-on-Tyne, in the 

 Spawning Season. — On the 13th November, as Mr. R. B. Bowman 



