36 teesdale place-names. 



Cleugh. Clough. Hetjch. Hextgh. 



" Icel. hlofi, a cleft or rift in a hill closed at the upper end, 

 KTjufa^ to cleave ; 0. H. G. chliohan, M. H. G. hliehen, to cleave, 

 split." Cleasby. Mod. G. anhlehen, spalten. 



" Suio-Goth. Idufwa, findere ; A.-S. cleafan, cleofan ; Angl. 

 cleave ; Al. clauhan ; Belg. Idoven, Idieven ; Ger. hluhen. Klofwa 

 in genere notat fissuram omnem, speciatim vero tendiculum 

 aucupum. S^lyft, fissura, usurpatur s£epe de fissuris montium ; 

 Ger. Uuftr Ihre. 



Sw. hlyfta, from hlyfva, to cleave, e.g. lergslclyfta, fissure of a 

 mountain ; Dari. Tcluft, from hluve, to cleave ; Ger. hluft ; Dut. 

 hloof, gleuf, groove, ravine, cleft, split ; Fl. kloof, id. 



" A.-S. cleofa, deaf a, that which is cloven, a cleft, cave, den ; 

 dough, a cleft of a rock, or down the side of a hill, from dufan, 

 deofan, diofian, to cleave, split." Bosworth. 



The corresponding words in Celtic dialects are quite different 

 from the above northern forms, e.g. Wei. hollt, slit, cleft, fissure, 

 from hollti, to cleave, split ; dihyn, gallt, clegyr, precipice, cliff, 

 rock. Gael, sgor, stuc, clough, cliff. Ir. sgoilt, a cliff, or split- 

 ting, or cleaving. (Taylor says, in Erse, dough.) Corn, degar, 

 rock, cliff, precipice. 



The Latin forms differ also, e.g. 'h'^i. findere., sdndere; fissura; 

 It. fessura, valle ; Sp. and Port, valle ; Pr. ravin, vallee. 



" A dough, a valley between two steep hills. It is an ancient 

 Saxon word, derived (as Skinner saith) from the verb to cleave." 

 Eay's Gloss. 



" Clough, rima qusedam vel fissura ad mentis clivum vel de- 

 clivum." Lye. 



" Clough, deeve, deft, cliff, dift, are past participles of the 

 A.-S. verb diofan, findere, to cleave." . Home Tooke. 



" Cleuch, cleugh. 1. A precipice, a rugged ascent. Seuch, 

 synon. Euddiman defines it a rock or hill, a clift, or cliff, from 

 A.-S. cliff, cliof; Dan. klippe ; Belg. hlif ; Teut. klippe, scopulus, 

 rupes. Clough, English, is evidently the same word, a valley 

 between two hills. Northumberland. Yerstegan defines this a 

 kind of breach down along the side of a hill. 



