TEESDALE PLACE-NAMES. 9l 



Am stands for ham, home, house, dwelling, village, town, farm, 

 property. 



The terminal syllable of the subjoined examples ought most 

 probably to have been um or ham, instead of am, &c., and the 

 E.ev. J. C. Atkinson, in his History of Cleveland, Ancient and 

 Modern, vol. i., p. 92, shows from documentary evidence that 

 the modern Acklam was originally (in Domesday Book) Aclum 

 and Achelum. Airyholm was Ergum, Lealholm was Laclum 

 and Lelun, Moorsholm was Morehusum, and Lofthouse was 

 Locthusum. 



Newsham was also formerly Il^^ewsum. 



TJm is the Frisian form of ham. 



]S"o doubt many Frisians joined their neighbours the Danes 

 and Saxons in their piratical invasions of the English coasts, and 

 left their impress on local names, as they have done in Holder- 

 ness, and even as far up the valley of the Tees as the neigh- 

 bourhood of Barnard Castle, notwithstanding that Taylor says, 

 ' ' Holderness is the only part of England where this form — um, 

 occurs." 



Examples : — 



Headlam or Hedlum— perhaps the house on the heath. Suio- 

 Goth. hed, heath, or A.-S. hceth, and am, um, and ham. But the 

 arms of Headlam were Gules, a chevron, or between three lambs 

 heads couped argent. See Hat and Headlam. 



Stroatlam or Streatlum — Street Home, on the Eoman road 

 from Barnard Castle to Staindrop or Binchester. In Symeon. 

 Dunelm. Opera, &c., Surtees Society, vol. i., p. 151, Cleatlam is 

 Cletlinga, and Streatlam is Stretlea ; quasi lea at the street or 

 Eoman road. 



Haedberst, 



Quere from A.-S. heard, hard, and lurh, hur, burg, a fort — if 

 there be one at the place, hard to be taken ; or from A.-S, eorthe, 

 earth, and hyrig or burh. 



