330 S. Simpson, 



ed by Pitres [24] in the linmaii subject, and in tlie same j^ear by 

 Langiey and Slierring-ton [25] in tlie dog. Loewentlial [26], and again 

 Slierrington [27] in 1885 recorded tlie same in the dog, and since that 

 time it lias been observed by ahnost every investigator, in man and 

 the higher mammals. The actual passage of the homolateral fibres 

 from the pyramidal decussation to the crossed pyramidal tract of the 

 same side was first traced by Muratoff [18] in 1893, again by Risien 

 Rüssel [28] in 1894 and by many observors since then. 



With regard to the mode of termination of the fibres of the pyra- 

 midal tract in the spinal cord there is considerable difference of opin- 



e/ 





Fibres represented as passing from degene- 

 Fio'. 5. rated pyramid to facial nucleus of opposite 



" side 



Photograph from paper by Muratoff. 



ion. In 1884 von Monakow [11] removed the motor cortex in cats 

 and rabbits (young animals) and as a result found atrophy of the 

 grey matter in the region of the processus reticularis on tlie side of 

 the cord opposite to the cortical lesion, whereas he could distinguish 

 no difference between the two anterior cornua of the cord the cells 

 and grey matter having quite a normal appearance on the two sides. 

 From this he argued that the pyramidal fibres are directly connected 

 witli the grey matter in the lateral horn and not directly with that 

 of the anterior liorii. The con('liisi()ns lie ari'ived at at that time have 

 been Ijoitic out by the i-esults of much work done subsc(|U('iitly. and 

 the wliole matter is fully discussed in an extensive article published 

 by him in the Arclii\' liir Psydiiat. for 1895 [21^]. His obsei-vations 

 have I'l'ceutly been corrohoratttd by Schäfer [oO] who as (he ivsiilt of 



