THE SPIDERS OF THE TYNE VALLEY. 347 



Drassodes cupreus (BL). 



Drassus lapidicola (Walck. — Hull, op. cit.) 

 Drassus lapidosiis (Walck. — F. O. P. Cambridge, List of 

 the Araneida of Cumberland and the Lake District). 



Mr. Cambridge refers all the northern forms to this 

 species, and states that the true Drassodes lapidosus 

 (Walck.) is only known in this country as an inhabitant 

 of the South of England. The present species may be 

 found under stones and amongst grass throughout Tyne- 

 dale. It is adult in May and June, and is common and 

 widely distributed in Britain, Ireland, and on the 

 Continent. 



Drassodes troglodytes (Koch). Not rare in the Hexham 

 district amongst grass and dead leaves, also under stones. 

 Adults may be found throughout the summer. Distribu- 

 tion very wide in Britain, Ireland, and almost the whole 

 Palaearctic area. 



Scotophaeus Blackwallii (Thor.). Occasionally found 

 wandering about on the walls and ceilings of rooms at 

 night. The males are adult in May and June. The 

 females may be found with their white &gg sacs in the 

 crevices of ivy-draped walls in late summer and autumn. 

 This spider probably occurs throughout Britain. It is re- 

 ported from Dorset, Essex, Norfolk, Leicester, Cheshire, 

 Lancashire, and Edinburgh. It is not recorded as 

 Irish, but has been recognised in France, Austria, and 

 Hungary. 



Gnaphosa angiica (Camb.). In May, June, and July both 

 sexes may be found under stones and turves on Blanch- 

 land Common at about 1,000 feet. Later the females 

 may be observed in the same situations Avith their 

 spherical white &g% sacs. They usually make, or at all 

 events utilize, excavations in the ground to receive these 

 treasures, the roof of each nursery being formed by its 

 sheltering stone. This spider is not recorded for Ireland, 

 and on the Continent only for France, where it is however 



