THE SPIDERS OF THE TYNE VALLEY. 359 



Pirata hygrophilus (Thor.). Not common. Females were 

 found in autumn in a swamp in Dipton Wood. Females 

 and young males in spring in the same locality, and near 

 Greenshaw Plains. A rare spider in Northumberland, 

 though more frequent in Cumberland. It is abundant in 

 Dorset, and occurs also in Bucks, Glamorgan, Cheshire, 

 Durham, and Westmoreland. It is reported from Ireland, 

 and is widely distributed abroad, though not on record 

 for Scotland. 



Trochosa ruricola (De Geer). Common on the banks of 

 the Tyne among grass and herbage. Adult in September, 

 it passes the winter alive, and may again be found in 

 spring. It is generally found in colonies. Widespread. 



Trochosa terricola (Thor.). About as common as the 

 last, but not generally found in colonies. Habits and 

 distribution as in the last species. A third form, T. 

 spinipalpis (Camb.), was found on the banks of the South 

 Tyne by Mr. Hull. He has kindly allowed me to examine 

 the specimen. It has occurred in Dorset and Cumber- 

 land, but is only recognized on the Continent in Poland 

 and Austria. 



Trochosa picta (Hahn). This beautiful spider occurs very 

 rarely on sandy places near the Tyne and on Blanchland 

 Common. It is more frequent on the sandhills of Whitley 

 Bay. It makes a burrow several inches long in the sand. 

 This it lines with silk, and there is generally a diverticulum 

 to which the spider can retreat if necessary. Adults may 

 be found throughout the year. The spider is generally 

 distributed, being usually most common on the sandhills 

 round the coast. 



Trochosa cinerea (Fabr.). This splendid spider is the 

 largest known to inhabit Northumberland. It occurs 

 freely on the banks of the Tyne and of its two con- 

 stituents, as well as on those of the Devil's Water. It 

 inhabits the beds of water-worn stones that are so con- 



