THK SPIDRRS OF THE TYNE VALLEY. 36 1 



Lycosa amentata (Clk.). Abundant everywhere. This is 

 one of the commonest of the " wolf-spiders," and may be 

 seen on any bright day dashing about in fields, woods, 

 lanes, and in every conceivable situation. Both sexes are 

 adult in May and June. Later the females may be seen 

 carrying their brown, lenticular, white-zoned egg sacs. 

 The newly hatched young climb upon their mother's 

 back, and accompanying her in all her peregrinations, 

 make her look like an animated ball of fluff. Later they 

 leave her to make their own living. They hibernate when 

 about two-thirds grown. Common everywhere. 



Lycosa agricola (Thor.). Very common, but restricted to 

 the shingle beds and sands of the riverside. Habits as 

 in the preceding. Adult in May and June. Abundant 

 in many places in Scotland, the North of England, North 

 Wales, and Ireland. Absent from the South of England, 

 though very widely distributed in Europe. It is probably 

 the absence of suitable localities that prevents this species, 

 T. cinerea (Fabr.) and others from colonizing the South 

 of England. They both seem to prefer the stony banks 

 of rapid and shallow streams. 



Lycosa pullata (Clerck). Habits as in Z. amentata ; just as 

 ubiquitous, and even more common. 



Lycosa lugubris (Walck.). Restricted to woods, where it 

 is however very abundant. In other respects it resembles 

 its congeners. 



Lycosa palustris (Linn.). Common, and generally dis- 

 tributed. 



Lycosa herbigrada (BL). Several females in June on 

 Blanchland Common. Mr. Cambridge verified my deter- 

 mination, but the specimens were of the variety approach- 

 ing closely to Z. palustris (Linn.). The present species 

 seems to be restricted to sandy heaths, and has occurred 

 in Dorset, Sussex, several Scotch localities up to Ross, 

 and various places in Ireland. It is widely distributed 

 abroad, but seems to be chiefly northern. 



