378 THE SPIDERS OF THE TYNE VALLEY. 



Sweden. In these Isles, however, it is a southerner. 

 Not recorded for Scotland or Ulster, it is rather rare in the 

 northern counties. In the Thames valley and in Dorset 

 it is a very abundant form. Adult in May and June. 



Dismodicus bifrons (BL). Very abundant amongst grass 

 and in gorse bushes on the banks of the Tyne. The 

 males are adult in May and June; the females survive 

 them, and may be taken at any time. Widespread in 

 Britain, and occurring also in Ireland, France, Germany, 

 Hungary, and Sweden. 



Gongylidium rufipes (Sund.). Occurs amongst herbage 

 and dead leaves in the woods. Males adult in May and 

 June. Widely distributed at home and abroad. The 

 restriction of the genus to this one species seems to me 

 to serve no useful purpose, and it entails much research 

 in the realms of nomenclature. 



Gongylidium agreste (BL). Not rare under stones and 

 amongst herbage on the banks of the Tyne and else- 

 where. Adults may be found throughout the year. It 

 has been found in many localities between Dorset and 

 Edinburgh, though not yet in Ireland. Abroad it is 

 reported from France, Belgium, Switzerland, Italy, 

 Austria, Hungary, and Sweden. 



Gongylidium fuscum (BL). Common, and widely dis- 

 tributed in Tynedale, Britain, and Europe. 



Gongylidium retusum (Westr.). Nearly as common as 

 the last, and like it found at any season and in any 

 situation. 



Gongylidium apicatum (BL). Frequent under stones on 

 the banks of the Tyne. This spider appears to be 

 nowhere common, but occurs in England, Scotland, and 

 most of the countries of Europe. 



Gongylidium gibbosum (BL). An inhabitant of marshy 

 places, where it occurs amongst grass and moss. It 

 almost invariably is found in company with the next 

 species, and the distinctions between the two females are 



