382 THE SPIDERS OF THE TYNE VALLEY. 



in Ireland. Abroad it is found in Norway (up to 4,000 

 feet), Finland, Prussia, Bavaria, and once in France. Its 

 range is thus chiefly northern, and it appears to prefer 

 either elevated moors or the sea coast. 



Tmeticus abnormis (Bl.). Frequent amongst grass and 

 leaves and under stones in the woods. The males are 

 adult in June and July, the females throughout the year. 

 In Britain it has occurred in many localities from Dorset 

 to Inverness, but is commonest in the North. It is 

 widely distributed in Ireland, and abroad is reported 

 from Belgium and Switzerland, as well as from France, 

 Germany, and Spain. It extends to an altitude of nearly 

 3,000 feet in Cumberland and on Snowdon, in such 

 situations being generally found under stones. 



Tmeticus rufus (Wid.). Common in woods, where it 

 accompanies the last species. Adults occur throughout 

 the year. Very rare in Ireland, but in Britain widely 

 distributed (Dorset to Inverness), and in many places 

 common. It occurs in several Continental countries, but 

 on the whole, like most of its congeners, is a northerner. 



Tmeticus Huthwaitii (Camb.). Not rare in swampy 

 places, where it is adult from autumn to spring. Females 

 may be found throughout the year. It occurs from Dorset 

 to Inverness, and in the North of England is reckoned a 

 fairly common spider. It is also widely distributed in 

 Ireland, and is reported from Sweden, Germany, Hungary, 

 and the Tyrol. 



Tmeticus scopiger (Griibe). Infrequent amongst grass 

 and rushes in swampy places near Hexham. Both sexes 

 are adult in September ; few females, and practically no 

 males, managing to survive the winter. This also is a 

 northern spider, and is reported from Glasgow, Durham, 

 Isle of Man, Cumberland, Westmoreland, Lancashire, 

 and Yorkshire. In the South, Glamorgan seems to be 

 the only county in which it has been noted. 



