THE SPIDERS OF THE TYNE VALLEY. 389 



Bathyphantes parvulus (Westr.). Not rare; probably 

 often confused with the last species. It is found in 

 swamps, and amongst herbage on the banks of the Tyne. 

 Adult in June and July. It has occurred in various 

 localities, such as Dorset, Glamorgan, Lancashire, and 

 Cumberland, also from one locality in the North of 

 Ireland, but not yet I think from Scotland. Abroad it 

 occurs in France, Germany, Sweden, and Italy. 



Bathyphantes approximatus (Camb.). Common in 

 marshes, where adults may be found nearly all the year 

 round. It occurs in various British localities from Dorset 

 to Edinburgh, but is not reported from Ireland. Abroad 

 it has been recognized in France, Bavaria, Hungary, and 

 Siberia. 



Bathyphantes pullatus (Camb.). Occasional in swamps 

 and boggy places, where adults may be found in May and 

 June. It is noted from Dorset, Glamorgan, Cheshire, 

 Lancashire, Cumberland, and several Irish localities. 

 Also from France, Sweden, Prussia, and Italy. 



Bathyphantes concolor (Wid.). A common spider found 

 all over the British Isles, most of Europe, and even North 

 America. It is found amongst herbage, concealed amid 

 dead leaves, and very often under stones. Adult through- 

 out the year. 



Bathyphantes dorsalis (Wid.). Adult in April, May, 

 and June; females linger till August, but all seem to 

 hibernate in an immature state. It is generally beaten 

 from gorse and other bushes, but may sometimes be 

 found amongst long grass, especially in marshy places. 

 Generally distributed in Britain and Ireland, and occurring 

 in most of the European countries. 



Bathyphantes variegatus (Bl.). Not very abundant, but 

 found under stones and beaten from gorse and heather. 

 It attains an altitude of over 2,000 feet on the mountains 

 of Britain and Ireland, and over 7,000 feet on those of 

 Switzerland. It is also frequent on the sandhills of th^ 



