THE BIHDS OP MONGOLIA ETC. 437 



uncovered part of the knee 3'''8 ; middle toe without claw 3'''7, its claw 0"'78 ; 

 hind toe without claw O'^'SS, its claw 0''-3. 



Culnien greenish horn-colour, lighter on the tip ; the feathered portion 

 of the lower mandible extends 0'^'3 further than the side-feathering on the 

 upper mandible ; legs black ; iris golden yellow. 



Male, — Head and upper part of the neck smoky black ; crown naked, 

 with a rough red skin, covered with very few small hairy feathers, which 

 cover rather thickly the forehead and lores ; there is a small white spot 

 behind the eyes. The lower portion of the neck, the upper and under wing- 

 and taiL coverts, and the whole body are of a pale ashy colour, lighter than 

 in Grus cinerea. The inner webs of the large wing-coverts are brownish 

 grey ; the larger shoulder-feathers are blackish and brownish grey. Wings 

 are dull black ; the tertiaries and their coverts (all of which are black) are 

 elongated, pointed at the end, branched at the points, and turned up and 

 raised above the tail in a patch. 



This Crane was found by us only at Koko-nor, in a few pairs, which 

 arrived there on the 30th of March, and most likely remained to breed. 



The voice of the present species is very pleasant, and much resembles 

 that of '' G, leucogeranusy I had not much opportunity of studying its 

 habits ; for soon after its discovery we left Koko-nor, which forms the 

 northern limit of its distribution. 



219. Grus leucauchen, Temra. 



Temm. PL Col. pi. ccccxlix. 



About Dalay-nor and the town of Kalgan we met with a few of these 

 Cranes, and consequently think that they do not go far into the interior of 

 Asia, although they are common in Ussuri-country and in Manchuria. 



