10 ^y, weschp: — the larval and 



cl. Branched hairs. — Applied to hairs which bifurcate into one or more 

 branches, such as the end hairs of some antennae (PI. Y, fig. 3). 



e. Simple hairs. — Signifies that the hair is without secondary structure. 



f. Flumes may all spring from a number of sockets or be the outgrowtli^ 



of a single hair — consequently their bases may or may not be in the 

 same plane. The hairs may be simple, plumose or feathered. 



g. 7\(fts are short, and the hairs are never in the same plane at the base 



(PI. YII, fig. 9). 



h. Palmate hairs consist of a fan-like arrangement of flat spines, springing 

 from a single basal hair, and are found in various stages of develop- 

 ment on the larvpo of the Anophelin^e (PL Y, fig. 22). 



i. Stellate hairs are simple hairs, usually not less than three, or more than 

 five, springing from a single base (PI. YII, fig. 3). 



The Head. 



The size and shape of this part present many variations ; the chitin is also 

 often different, some heads being transparent and others semi-opaque, or 

 even opaque. 



The Antenna. 



The colour is variable, and minute spines are present on the surface in 

 varying degrees. A plume may or may not be present, and may consist of 

 simple or plumose hairs ; it may be inserted at varying distances along the 

 shaft and the antenna? may be constricted at the insertion. The distal joint is 

 usually shorter than the basal ; it bears spines at its end which vary in colour 

 and length, and a small number of hairs which may be simple or branched. 



The Mouth-parts. 



Judging from the nomenclature adopted by Theobald, Xuttall and Shipley, 

 Giles, Felt and Mitchell, little or nothing has been done on this subject since 

 Meinert published his paper in 1886 *. I arrive at this conclusion because 

 in several of my preparations I find at least three structures that are not 

 mentioned by any of these writers. Nuttall and Shipley say f : " There is 

 nothing which can be homologised with the second pair" (of maxilla?) ; 

 though this statement w-as made only in regard to Anoj^heles maculipennis^ Mg, 

 In an undetermined Culicine larva from Ceylon in my collection, there is, 

 under the small piece between the brushes, which I call the labrum, an organ 

 of some complexity, which T also find in one of these larva^, Cidex dissimilis, 

 Theo. (PL lY, fig. 6). But in this species and in Cule.v caliginosus, Graham, 

 are homologous organs of great complexity, w^hich appear to represent the 

 labium. This is found immediately under the ''under lip '^ of Meinert, that 

 serrated chitinous shield that forms so prominent a part of the ventral side of 



* Dan. Selsk. Skr. III. Die eiicephale Mygelarver. Copenhagen, 188G. 

 t *^The Structure and Biology of Anopheles maculipennis.'" Jour, of Hygiene, Jan. 1901, 

 p. 55. 



