CATTLE DISEASE IN THE NYASALAND PROTECTORATE. 2(}[> 



inland, from the Riv^er Lufire to a little south oE the Rivor Sonorwe. Between 

 1893 and 1895, it was reported that flies were found at the back of Deep Bay 

 on the marshes and dambos known as the Hara Plain : none can be found 

 to-day; also that tsetse existed in large numbers in the Henga Valley about 

 Mt. Jakwa and on the Runyina River which flows into the Rukuru some 

 10 miles west of Jakwa. In spite of careful search by three Government. 

 Medical Officers, no flies have been found in recent years. 



Observations on Reports of Tsetse Areas. 



It is probable that the large increase in cattle, and ox-transport, has 

 drawn greater attention to the subject o£ tsetse-fly : consequently, areas^ 

 hitherto unnoticed are now described as fly-belts due to the " spread of 

 tsetse/' whereas such areas may have been in existence for many years. 



It is noticeable also that in the Mombera district, a cattle country, there 

 is no tsetse-fly ; and in the North Nyasa district, also a cattle and game 

 country, the tsetse areas are minute. 



In the West and Lower Shire districts no tsetse have been found_, which i& 

 remarkable in view of the extensive belt which exists along the river valley 

 from Mvera to Matope ; it would have been reasonable therefore to 

 anticipate that the fly would have spread along the Valley southwards to Port 

 Herald and below. 



III. Outbreaks of Cattle Disease daring Period 1905-1909. 



1. Lower Shire. 



(a) Trypanosomiasis. No deaths. 



(b) Other causes. Seven calves from inattention. 



2. Ruo. 



(a) Trypanosomiasis. Two bulls at Masinjiri died in 1905 ; deaths proved 

 to be through tsetse-fly. Makwira lost some cattle a few years ago, supposed 

 to be through the same cause, though not proved. 



(b) Other causes. District is healthy one for cattle, and no epidemics have 

 appeared amongst Native or European cattle for some years. 



3. West Shire. 



(a) Trypanosomiasis. No deaths. 



(b) Other causes. No epidemics. Cattle healthy. Mortality chiefly by 

 accident, wild animals, old age, etc. 



4. Blantyre. 



(a) Trypanosomiasis. Sixty-four deaths reported since 1904 : of these 

 56 occurred in 1906, amongst cattle owned bj-the African Lakes Corporation 

 when their cattle were grazing in the neighbourhood of Lirangwe Stream ; 



BULL. ENT. RES. VOL. I. PART 3, OCTOBER I 9 10. S 



