CATTLE DISEASE IN THE NYASALAND PROTECTORATE. 211 



neiolibourbood of the Livilezi and Bvvanji Rivers, and on examination the 

 <?aii^e was dedared to be tsetse-fly. From 1906 to 1909, 75 deaths have 

 occurred which are attributed to this cause. The result is that only 15 head 

 remain on the west side o£ the district. 



Juist Side. — No deaths from fly. European cattle : 350 head distributed, 

 wliich have done exceedingly well. In June 1909, trypanosomiasis broke 

 out at Fort Johnston, resulting in 3 deaths. 



(b) Other causes. No remarks. 



9. Central Angoniland. 



(a) Trypanosoniiasis. No mortality except through tsetse-fly. Mortality 

 not great. When tsetse observed cattle are immediately moved. No 

 mortality amongst European cattle as none in areas. 



jycdive- owned Cattle. 

 Year. Number. Mortality. 



1904 602 6 



1905 62S 28 



1906 580 24 



1907 S'26 2(j 



1908 860 60 



(b) Othe)' causes. Wild beasts, accident or natural causes. No epidenn* 



cs. 



10. Marimba. 



Kola- Kota division. 



(a) Trypanosomiasis. No cattle in fly-areas, therefore no deaths. 



(bj Other causes. Twenty-one deaths between October 1907 and JMay 

 1908. Cause unknown. No recrudescence of disease. 15 died at Nchisi 

 in 1908 ; no fly found although searched for. 



Xgara division, 



(a) Trypanosomiasis. Two deaths attributed to this cause amongst Native 

 cattle. No deaths amongst European owned cattle from tsetse-fly. 



(b) Other causes. Native cattle increased, from 'i&2 to 945 in five years. 

 Cattle healthy. Deaths due to old age or wild beasts. 10 per cent, of calves 

 born die from neglect. 



1 1 . West Nyasa. 



(a) Trypanosonuas'is. All deaths due to this cause as far as records can 

 show. Cattle only kept for barter, exchange and gitts as '• Chumaro " on 

 marriage. 



(b) Other causes. Cattle are generally unhealthy. A tonga recently 

 taken to cattle rearing and lack of care tells probably more than climatic 

 causes. 



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