256 SIR RUBEKT BOYCE — THE PREVALEi^CE, DISTRIBUTION AND 



This species has also been found at Brass, Akassa and Bonny by Mr. J. J. 

 Simpson, and at Degema by Mr. A. H. Haniley *.' 



During this year, 1910, increased energy has been shown in cleaning up 

 the compounds, removing odd receptacles^ and in screening tanks and vats ; 

 fines have also been inflicted for neglect of these precautions. 



Fai- more systematic anti-mosquito work must be undertaken before it can 

 be said that yellow fever is not endemic, or that there is no danger from 

 importation. 



6. The Stegomyia in other parts ofWest, East and South Africa. 



Mr. Guy Marshall has furnished me with the following list of additional 

 places where Stegomyia fasciata has been reported j: — 



Northern Angola : San Salvador {IJr. Mercier Gamble). 



The island of Principe (Dr. Ansorge) . 



British Somaliland : Zeila {Dr. A. J. M, Paget), Bulbar {R. E. Drake- 

 Drockmaii). 



British East Africa : Mombasa [J. D. McKay). 



Nyasaland : Zomba {Dr.H. S. Stannus) and fiilantyre (Dr. J. E. S. Old). 



Natal : Durban [Dr. Christophers). 



No information, however, is forthcoming as regards the distribution and 

 abundance of the insect. It is to be hoped that careful reports will be drawn 

 up upon these important points. 



X. Destruction of Stegomyia fasciata. 



In the preceding pages I have sketched the wide distribution of the 

 Stegomyia in West Africa, and its significance is obvious, for it explains 

 why, for the last 100 years at least, yellow fever has been common on the 

 Coast. It explains the outbreaks of yellow fever for this year (1910) ^ and 

 it warns us that if West Africa is to be still further developed in connection 

 with its great potential mining, oil and other industries^ it will be necessary 

 to eradicate the Stegomyia or face the certainty of the disaster and panic 

 which will ensue from outbreaks of yellow fever. 



The existence which I have endeavoured to show of the Stegomyia in 

 overwhelming preponderance in the Coast towns and in many of the interior 

 towns of West Africa also goes far, in my opinion, to explain the very high 

 mortality rate amongst Europeans in the past. This high death-rate has as 

 a rule been attributed to malaria, in one or other of its many forms. But 



* [The following additional localities for the species in Southern Nigeria have been noted 

 since the above was written : — Ikot-ekpene (J. J. Simpson, 3 specimens), Buriitu {J. J. 

 Simpson, 6 specimens), Oshogbo {Dr. T. J. F. Mayer, 7 specimens, in house) and Ilesha 

 {Dr. T. J. F. Mayer, 2 specimens, in house). The following specimens have been received 

 from Northern Nigeria, collected by Mr. Simpson : 6 from I.okojaand one from Baro.— Ed.] 



t [These records are based on specimens contained in the British Museum collection or 

 received by the Entomological Kesearch Committee. Mr. McKay notes that at Mombasa 

 this mosquito is common and troublesome. — Ed.] 



