29 



complete. A very few species and a email number of genera are common 

 to the tertiary and recent periods, but our commonest species are not 

 even generically represented." Thirteen species are stated to inhabit our 

 shores, and in a supplementary paper, op. cit., 1878, another one is 

 added. 



The chief works relating to the Australian branch of the subject 

 are : (f) L. Agassiz, " Monographies des Echinodermes," 1838-41 ; A . Agassiz, 

 *' Revision of the Echini," 1873; (*) Gray, "Catalogue of the Recent 

 Echinida Irregularia," 1855. 



Other Orders of the Echinodermata. — A general wort, combining 

 the results of previous fragmentary knowledge on the Echinoderms is 

 the(t)"HistoireNaturelle des Echinodermes," byDujardin and Hupe, 1862. 

 A large number of Australian star-fishes was described by Gray in an 

 appendix to Jukes's Voyage of the Fly, the majority of which was later 

 figured by the same author in his f " Synopsis of Species of Starfish," 

 16 plates, 4 vo., 1866. f Muller and Troschel's " System der Asteriden," 

 1842, is a monograph of the then known species of starfish and brittle 

 stars (illustrated by 12 plates ; some [Australian species are mentioned. 

 Quoy & Gaimard, "Voy. Astrolabe," describe three species of Aus- 

 tralian holothurians. 



Class Actinozoa. — Some South Australian Madreporariae and 

 Actiniae are described in the " Voyage de 1' Astrolabe", and in (f) Ellis 

 and Solander, " Natural History of Zoophytes" (1786), all of which 

 have been cited by MM. Edwards and Haime (t) " Histoire Naturelle des 

 Corallaires," 3 vols, and atlas (1857-60). The position of the coral fauna 

 in temperate Australia is stated by the Rev. J. E. Tenison-Woods to be 

 as follows — <( Up to this time all these discoveries (those made by deep- 

 sea dredgings) have had but little effect on the knowledge of the Aus- 

 tralian forms. I may say that the Extratropical Madreporaria of Aus- 

 tralia have been literally untouched. Yet a special interest is attached 

 to them on account of what has been made known through geological 

 researches." The above quotation is from a paper " on the Extratropical 

 Corals of Australia," illustrated by three plates, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., 

 1877. "We have to thank Mr. Woods for throwing light on the subj ect 

 and science is deeply indebted to him for what he has effected in this and 

 other departments of Australian Natural History. In his paper eleven 

 new species are described, and it has been found necessary to institute 

 two new genera for two of them. From his knowledge of the fossil 

 forms he has been enabled to show that some of our tertiary species still 



