374 CATALOGUE OF FISHES. 



"When fishing for Herring Sprats the Teesmouth fishermen 

 often take great numbers of the Three-spined Stickleback in 

 their nets. Young Herring are often washed ashore after 

 storms in the winter months. 



Clupea pilchardus (Willughby). Pilchakd. 



Clupea pilchardus, Yarr., Brit. Pish., Vol. 2, p. 169. 



,, ,, Couch, Brit. Pish., Vol. 4, p. 79, pi. 201. 



Bare; but a few specimens are taken during the Herring 

 season. — Dr. O. Johnston. Occasionally taken in the Herring 

 nets off the coast of Northumberland and Durham. M. 



Fishermen determine the Pilchard by taking hold of it by the 

 top of the dorsal fin. If it balances they know it to be a Pil- 

 chard. In this, they follow the old rule, " ab apice pinna? 

 dorsalis apprehensus pendant in sequilibrio." — Willughoy. 



Clupea (Alosa) alosa, Cuv. Allice Shad.* 



Alosa vulgaris, Yarr., Brit. Pish., Vol. 2, p. 213. 

 „ ,, Couch, Brit. Pish., Vol. 4, p. 117, pi. 204. 



Frequently taken at the mouth of the Tweed in autumn, and 

 sold in the market, but held in no estimation. The true Shad 

 I have not found on this coast. — Dr. G. Johnston. Northum- 

 berland Coast. — J. Hancock. Mouth of Tyne. — R.Howse. M. 



This Shad frequented the mouth and estuary of the Tyne in 

 former years, and was often exposed for sale in fishmongers' 

 shops in Shields and Newcastle. 



Clupea (Alosa) finta, Cuv. Twaite Shad. 



Alosa flnta, Yarr., Brit. Pish., Vol. 2, p. 208. 

 „ „ Couch, Brit. Pish., Vol. 4, p. 122, pi. 205. 



Mouth of Tees.— J". Hogg. Nat. Hist. Trs., Vol. 3, 1868. M. 

 The occurrence of this species requires verification. 



Engraulis encrasicholus (Linn.). Anchovy.* 



JEngraulis encrasicholus, Yarr., Brit. Pish., Vol. 2, p. 217. 

 ,, ,, Couch, Brit. Pish., Vol. 4, p. 125, 



pi. 206, f. ] . 



A specimen of the Anchovy was obtained in the Newcastle 

 Pish Market among some Sprats, 1840. — J. Hancock. S. 



