22 
drained, or which have the ground water from 6 to 10 feet below the surface. It 
will withstand slight frosts, but is killed if the roots are frozen. It is a perennial 
in southern Italy, Sicily, and Algeria, but must be resown each year in northern 
Italy, where the winters are more severe. It has not as yet been largely intro- 
duced into this country, but deserves to be given a trial in Florida and the Gulf 
States. The practice is to sow the seeds in September or Octo 3 on lan at 
has been deeply plowed and Apis pulv erized, either alone or with winter 
oats or wheat. After the latter has been taken off the field, a crop of sulla 4 to 
6 feet high springs up and is Pe to cut from tbe latter part of May to July. 
In feeding value it compares very favorably with either red clover or alfalfa, 
and is better adapted to tropical or subtropical climates, provided seed is sown 
n well-drained and well-prepared land. If theseed bed is only given a shallow 
cultivation in preparation for sowing, it will require a full year before one crop 
can be taken from the land. The same precautions are necessary in using sulla 
as a soiling crop as with clover ind alfalfa, to prevent loss of cattle through 
ting. 
Helianthus annuus. Sunflower 
The sunflower is a well-known annual weed, a native of Peru, which has become 
pre widely spread throughout the United States. Its leave es and heads make good 
rate of from 40 to 50 bushels to the acre, furnish an oil cake which is a valuable 
stable food. Six pounds are required to seed an acre. It is said to endure the 
excessive summer heat of central Australia better than any other cultivated herb 
that has been tried there, and deserves to be regarded as other than a useless 
weed in our own arid and semi-arid grazing and pastoral districts. 
Helianthus tuberosus. Artichoke. 
The artichoke is a native of North and South America, and a Bean e iis in 
this country for fifty years or more for its edible tubers. , these 
tubers, which contain large amounts of sugar and gum, increase the flow ef milk 
enormously. The leaves are also eaten by all kinds of stock. Artichokes are 
planted like potatoes, but greater distances apart, and the yield is from 200 to 
500 bushels per acre. On rich and friable soils it yields spontaneously and unin- 
terruptedly for several years without replanting. The tubers should be dug in 
utumn after the upper part of the plant has been killed by frosts, as at that 
time they contain the most sugar. It grows best in loams containing a high 
percentage of potas 
oe comosa. Horse-shoe vet^h. 
This perennial fodder plant is quite widely cultivated i dl uthern Europe 
and northern Africa. It grows best on stony ground, pee on soils con- 
taining lime. It furnishes an early and very nutritious, though scant, forage, 
and is worthy of a trial on stony soils in the warmer portions of the United 
ates. 
Mofimansogela. 
nous shrubs or herbaceous 5 native of Texas and New Mexico, bes 
cially along the Rio Grande and its tributaries. The foliage is eaten by 
Small, sweet tubers are produced Aa certain species, which in years of oan E 
are eaten by the Mexicans and Ind à 
Hosackia glabra. Deerweed. 
This low bush or weedy herb grows on the mesas, anl in the mountains and desert 
Sterile soils, and is an excellent forage plant. ' 
abundance that it is cut for hay. As it ripens a] ount 
this i is a ma species for rial under cultivation. 
