15 
Pennisetum typhoideum. (See Pennisetum spicatum. , 
Pennisetum villosum Brown. 
An Abyssinian species which has been introduced into cultivation because of its 
leaves, and dense, oblong or cylindrical, finely bearded heads 2 to 4 eror 
long. It is a hardy perennial, graceful and attractive in appearance, and i 
very frequently cultivated as an ornamental under the name of Penni ria 
longistylum. 
Phalaris angusta. (See Phalaris caroliniana.) 
Phalaris arundinacea Linn. Reed Canary-grass; Ribbon-grass. 
A tall, e perennial, 2 to 4 feet high, from a creeping 55 with smooth 
and narrow, branching panicles 4 to 8 inches long. It is a native, com- 
mon on dos; wet grounds from New England southward to deste, and 
extending across the continent to California and Washington. It is native also 
in Europe and northern Asia. It is little affected by either 
drought or cold, and thrives well in theshade. Itsucceeds 
best on stiff, wet land, and on wet, flooded fields, and will 
grow fairly well upon rather dry, sandy soil. The root- 
stocks are very strong and creep extensively, making this 
grass particularly valuable for binding embankments of 
` rivers and ditches where the water supply is ample. It 
does not attain its full size until - pis — year, and if 
designed for hay should be cut bef or when 
fully mature the stems become woody and are 406 hard to 
make good fodder. The seed, which matures in July an 
being laid down at intervals of 1 fuot, andslightly e 
The Pape price of seed quoted in the New York market 
is $35 per 100 pounds. A variety of this grass, with _ 
nipid 3 is cultivated in gardens for ornamen 
Phalaris canariensis Linn. Canary-grass. (Fig. 70.) 
An erect annual, 1 to 3 feet high, with flat leaves, and dense, 
ovoid panicles né heads about an inch Jong: E d grass is Fie. 70.—Canary-grass. 
apparently also (Phalaris canariensis.) 
of north Africa and western i Asta It has become wi idely 
distributed throughout the tropical regions of the world, including Australia. 
Cultivated in Germany and southern Europe. It has been introduced into this 
country and is occasionally cultivated for its seeds, which are used for bird 
food. The flour from the seeds is utilized in certain processes of cotton manu- 7 
facture 1 glue), and is even employed in the making of some kinds of 
cake. heh Ue met with in waste grounds about dwellings in the 
do os 
Phalaris caroliniana Walt. California Timothy; Southern Canary-grass; Reed 
Canary-grass; American Canary-grass; Stewart’s Canary-grass; Gilbert’s Relief- 
grass. 
This and Phalaris angusta have usually b garded as one pete, the latter as a 
* 2 3 a EL > 3 2 +h, 
variety with g r Both the species 
and variety are p ials, ranging from South Carol a to Florida saa westward 
to Teras Arizana California A th A the Pa Ore gon. The 
iety ta (Fig. 71) is a stout g ä 
