9 
Little patina Bushy Blue-stem, Tall Grama, Blue Grama, Long-leafed Prairie- 
grass, Southern Poverty-grass, Switch-grass, Western E hue rye, Lyme- 
grass, Western Wheat-grass, Spiked foe berg's- grass, Mexican Wood-grass, 
Slender Wheat-grass, Buffalo-grass, Cord-gras Big Sand-grass, 1 Sand- grass, 
à obolus brevifolius, Panicum depauperatum, s Homalocenchrus virginicus. 
the dry sloughs of the prairie, grow Mas aint, Reed Canary-grass, Cord-grass, 
a Switch-grass. 
In the “burn outs," “blow outs,” or “buffalo wallows ” grow Sporobolus cryp- 
tandrus, Leptochloa fascicularis, Salt-grass, Long-leafed Prairie-grass, Buffalo-grass, 
Atriplex argenteum, Pose ago patagonica, D gnaphalioides and nuda, P. pusilla, and 
Marsilea vestita. As the “buffalo wallows" require much work ùid time to make 
them productive e 1 Mey are usually pastured. All the above-men- 
tioned plants are eaten by stoc 
One of the farmers here had sbot a quarter of an acre of Smooth Brome-grass 
The artesian ponds at 5 contained Typha ene Miei eee eurycarpum, 
Scirpus robustus, S. lacustris, S. 3 tilis, 5 fascicularis, Beckmannia eruce- 
aisel ei e and Spartina e moaned pesi on the margins 
grew Big Blue-stem, Barny anie Petre -grass, Long-leafed Prairie-grass, Wild- 
rye, ur Grama, Western Wheat-grass, and 8 tail-grass. 
In concluding this part of my report I might say that the most interesting things 
0 
of the regions visited, and, in the e parts of the State, the marked influence of 
irrigation on all kinds of vegetatio 
In the eastern part of the State Mild erops are nearly always secured, but owing 
to the low price of grain, farmers are largely going into dairying. In this section it 
costs from 75 cents to $1.25 per month to pasture cattle and horses. The winters are 
nearly always snowy and stock must be stabled and fed for a long time. 
In northern Aurora County, where for some time there has been so little rain that 
farmers have secured a good erop only once in four or five years unless they irri- 
gated, horses and cattle are pastured from May to November for $2 per head. There 
is very little snow in winter, and cattle and horses live upon the open prairies. I 
saw numbers of young well-bred horses which were in fine condition and yet had 
been fed neither hay nor grain, nor had they been stabled for over two years. Cat- 
tle were fatter than any I saw in Iowa or Illinois, although the prairie grass looked 
scorched and dry 
| general, MA ted plants are larger, they grow and remain green for a longer 
period of time, and relatively they produce much less seed in proportion to the 
stems and lon than plants of the same species and locality under natural condi- 
tions. There is a belt of green vegetation around artesian ponds and ditches long 
after the plants on the prairies are dry and yellow. " 
1 gathered mature seeds of Beckmannia eruceformis at Brookings before the middle 
of July, and four weeks later at the artesian well at Plankinton, this grass was seen 
in bloom. 
The following forage plants are common -— Rm. n ae ae 
Sparanan;: QA; 1 imio Qna 
lasii, Carex straminea, Spartina cynosuroides, Phra agmites vulgaris, pnt ie 
stricta, Leptochloa fascicularis, Sporobolus longifolius, Panicum virgatum, Panicum 
crus-galli, Hordeum jubatum, Chetochloa glauca. 
Until recent years there was little need@in either of the Dakotas of 
growing tame grasses, and, as is always the case, many of the first 
