1886.] certain Calcutta Species of Safcyrinse. 233 



be the Papili > haldus of Fabricius, who described it from India ; in this 

 he is followed by many authors, including Hevvitson in his Monograph 

 of the genus, who gives Java and Sumatra as well as India as its 

 habitat. Mr. Elwes records it from China, Japan, and Amurland. Mr. 

 Distant (who followed Mr. Butler) identified it as the Y. methora of 

 Hewitson, and has sent me several specimens from the Malay Peninsula 

 which I am unable to separate specifically from Y. philomela. Mr. But- 

 ler identifies* my Calcutta specimens as *' Y. methora, Hewitson, varie- 

 ty." I have lately, since Vol. I of " The Butterflies of India" appeared, 

 had the good fortune to obtain, from Mr. Otto Moller from Darjiling, and 

 from Mr. A. V. Knyvett from Buxa, Bhutan, a considerable series of 

 both the ocellated and non-ocellated forms of the true Y. methora, the 

 former occurring in the spring (March and April), the latter in the sum- 

 mer (August). Hewitson's types were all three females, the locality 

 from which he described the species being North India and, as given in 

 Mr. Kirby's Catalogue of his collection, Sikkim and Yunan. The speci- 

 mens Major Marshall and I identified in " The Butterflies of India " as 

 Y. methora from Yunan do not appear to be that species (Hewitson 

 seems to have made the same mistake, as he placed specimens from both 

 Sikkim and Yunan under that name), having a sexual streak in the 

 male, which the true Y. methora does not possess. I cannot therefore 

 agree with Mr. Butler in considering the Calcutta species as a variety 

 of Y. methora, of which Mr. Hewitson described and figured a female 

 of the strongly-ocellated summer brood. Y. laroides, Westwood, is stated 

 to occur at the Cape of Good Hope, but Mr. Trimen does not mention it 

 in his South African Butterflies ; and it also may be a synonym of 

 Y. philomela. Y. lara, Donovan, is recorded from the Cape, but it is also 

 unknown to me. Lastly, Mr. Butler described a species of Ypthima 

 from Upper Tenasserim under the name of marshallii. Mr. Moore has 

 kindly thus named for the Indian Museum, Calcutta, numerous speci- 

 mens of the non-ocellated form of Y philomela, and on this authority, 

 in addition to the fact that these Calcutta specimens agree fully with 

 Mr. Butler's description of Y. marshallii, I expressed my opinion 

 that this species is nothing else than the non-ocellated form of Y. philo- 

 mela. Mr. Butler (without having seen my specimens) denied the fact, 

 but on seeing them, subsequently, when Mr. Distant took them to the 



* I have to express my indebtedness to Mr. W. L. Distant for having, after 

 some difl&cnlties and delays which have retarded the publication of this paper many 

 months, obtained Mr. Butler's identifications of the specimens exhibited at this So- 

 ciety and also at the Entomological Society of London. When Mr. Butler wrote 

 his remarks on my suggestions on the seasonal dimorphism obtaining in these spe- 

 cies, he had not even seen the specimens in question ! 



