1873.] 



D. Waldie — Oti the Muddy Water of tlie Ilugli. 



221 



equivalents will be in relation to the atomic weight of chlorine 35*5 ; thus, — 

 combined with Sodium 23, Calcium 20, Iron (Ferrosum) 28, (Femcum) 

 18*66, forming Sodium Chloride 58*5, Calcium Chloride 55"5, Ferrous Chlo- 

 ride 63'5, Ferric Chloride 54"16, so that equivalents can easily be converted 

 into absolute weights by multiplying by these numbers, and to facilitate 

 this the equivalent numbers are given. The absolute weights are also given 

 in the last column which, it will be observed, are the products of the two 

 first multiplied by 2 to bring them to the standard of Carbonate of Lime 

 taken as 100, the double of its equivalent. The equivalents and absolute 

 weights, also, are all for the substances free from water of combination, crys- 

 tallization or solution. 



Tahle of approximate qicantities req^ulred to produce an equal effect in 

 clarifying the muddy water : — 



Chemical 

 equivalent. 



58 5 

 560 

 84-0 

 60O 

 49 

 55-5 



45-5 



63 



1040 



50 



Number of 

 equivalents. 



40-0 



50 



40 



30 



2-0 



2-0 



2 



10 



10 



Absolute 

 weiiifht. 



4680 



560 



672 



360 



196 



222 



182 

 189 

 208 



100 



Chloride of Sodium or Common Salt, 



Potassa Hydrate, 



Soda Bicarbonate, 



Acetic Acid, 



Sulphuric Acid, 



Calcium Chloride, or Muriate of Lime, ... 



Magnesium Chloride, or Muriate of Mag- 

 nesia, ... 



Nitric Acid, 



Barium Chloride, 



Carbonate of Lime, dissolved by Carbonic 

 Acid, 



Carbonate of Magnesia, dissolved by Car- 

 bonic Acid, 



Sulphate of Lime, 



Sulphate of Manganese, 



Sulphate of Copper, 



Protosulphate of Iron, 



Protocarbonate of Iron, dissolved by Car- 

 bonic Acid, , 



Alum, 



Aluminum Chloride, 



Perchloride of Iron, 



Chloride of Potassium or Muriate of Potassa, Sulphate of Potassa, Ace- 

 tate of Potassa and Phosphate of Soda were about equally efficacious with 

 common salt. 



42 



10 



84 



680 



10 



136 



75-5 



•5 



75-5 



79-5 



•2 



3i-8 



760 



•15 



22-8 



58-0 



•15 



17-4 



79-2 



•05 



7-92 



44-8 



•05 



4-48 



54-7 



•025 



2-74 



