Two New Species of Bryozoa, ] 09 



The other species belongs to MacGillivray's genus Claviporella^ 

 distinguished from Catenicella by the keyhole-shaped orifice of the 

 zooecium, and by its obtuse tubular processes. There are only a 

 couple of rough mounts left by Goldstein, and marked in pencil, ** Cat. 

 MacCoyi, new." Goldstein's general collection of Bryozoa was dis- 

 posed of in his life-time, and is supposed to have been sent to 

 England, but the slides in question were among a quantity of unfin- 

 ished material handed to me after his decease. Mr. Bretnall has 

 already pointed out that in Miss Jelly's " Synonymici Catalogue of the 

 Bryozoa," are included several species ascribed to Goldstein, but 

 without any reference. Miss Jelly was assisted by Waters, with whom 

 Goldstein corresponded, and the presumption is that she get these 

 names from him, but it seems extraordinary that Waters should have 

 sanctioned the inclusion in the list of species which had never been 

 described, and especially the reference of two of MacGillivray's pub- 

 lished species as synonyms of these nomina nuda. C. MacCoyi was 

 one of the names included, and it will now be accounted for as 

 Claviporella goldsteini. Possibly some of the other species may be 

 identical with those since described by others. 



In passing, I should like to add a few words on the methods of 

 preparing and mounting these polyzoaries. Too often they have been 

 described from examples of the dry material only; MacGillivray's 

 specimens, except a few special ones which were mounted in fluid, and 

 which have gone or are going, the way of all fluid mounts, are 

 mounted dry. This method isi in some cases incapable of showing all 

 the detail. For example, there are two species, Thairopora jervoisi 

 and Diploporella cincta, which contain numerous minute spicules, 

 the former species especially having them in great profusion, and 

 very evident in balsam mounts, yet the friend to whom I showed them 

 — though familiar with the species for many years as a dry mount — 

 was not yet aware of their existence. Similar insufficient methods 

 have been responsible for the descriptions of " openings " in the alae 

 of various species, which are really only clear areas, and minute avicu- 

 laria have sometimes been overlooked. The method which I have 

 been accustomed to use in mounting polyzoaries and polypidoms is to 

 boil them in water till all air is removed, transfer them to methylated 

 spirit, thence to phenol, and thence to balsam. For clean specimens 

 this suffices, but if very dirty they should be first heated in liquor 

 potassae to remove foreign matter. This is also useful for swelling 

 out tissues, which have shrunk in drying; for example, it is often 

 impossible to decide whether the chitinous alae have openings in them 

 when they are shrunk together. As mentioned further on, also, it is 

 often desirable to decalcify and stain. Liquor potassae is sometimes 

 too strong, and acetic acid may give better results, but of course it 

 is only available when decalcification is desired. 



Catenicella matthewsi, n. sp. (Plate VIII., Figs, la-lf). 



Colonies about an inch in height, much branched, branches always 

 springing from geminate zooecia. 



