148 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



England generally, and in the Forest certainly, "flycatchers," but 

 never a "bug-hunter" ; the Americans call hira a " bug-sharp! " 

 In the same work, at p. 268, it is said, " The greatest find ever 

 made in the Forest was the Niobe fritillary, in 1869, by Mr. 

 Gerrard." Was not the so-called Niobe afterwards ascertained 

 to be only a variety of A. adij^pe ? 



I have mentioned above the name of Charles Turner, — 

 probably not many entomologists of the present day were ac- 

 quainted with him. His was a well-known figure during the 

 " fifties " in this part of the New Forest, where he was usually 

 known as "the Grasshopper," and a most hard-working, acute, 

 and successful collector, chiefly of Coleoptera. He did, however, 

 a fair amount of work among Lepidoptera. His only sleeping- 

 place for weeks together was a ruined, open shed under the 

 plantation on the right hand going from Brockenhurst to Lynd- 

 hurst. Here he would lie down for a few hours after sugaring, 

 and be about again beating for larvae at daybreak. As soon as 

 funds ran short he would pack up his collections and take them 

 to London, where they were eagerly hailed by many well-known 

 entomologists, and met a ready sale at good prices. In all his 

 entomological work Turner was thoroughly trustworthy ; I never 

 heard even a suspicion raised as to the genuineness of any of 

 his New Forest rarities. I have heard of his receiving as much 

 as thirty or forty sovereigns for one cargo of insects. On this 

 money he would revel in London until it was spent, or he was 

 robbed of it, and then back to the old work in the Forest with as 

 great zest and love for it as if his insects had been duly stored 

 in a private cabinet awaiting his fresh additions ; he indeed 

 loved the work and the open air and surroundings of the Forest 

 in a truly remarkable degree, and quite apart from its being his 

 means of living, or the high prices he got for his captures, — I 

 have myself known him to get 15s. each for a dozen Tripluena 

 siibsequa (considered a heavy catch of that moth in those days). 

 He was, however, very close and wary as regards divulging the 

 localities of his insects, which is not to be wondered at, as his 

 livelihood depended on keeping them to himself, — some of his 

 localities for rare Coleoptera have, I believe, never been since 

 discovered. He also had his own ideas of the laws and customs 

 of "collecting." On one occasion three of us had just sugared 

 in the rides in the plantation at the top of the rising ground on 

 the right hand between Brockenhurst and Lyndhurst, and were 

 waiting about until dark enough to light our lamps, when, more 

 than half tipsy, " the Grasshopper" came up, gesticulating, and 

 threatening to prod out every eye amongst us with the sharp 

 end of his net- stick — a formidable ashen staff of at least six feet 

 long — because we had, he said, taken possession of his rides. 

 Argument was useless ; no one had been on the ground during 

 the whole of the afternoon and evening but ourselves, and there 



