SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARACTERS IN PAPILIONID^. 351 



stripes at all"; and I now find this certainly is the case with 

 P. j)aris ; thus his group xxiii. {Manor group) will, if no other 

 character is found sufficient to separate them, be merged along 

 with group xxiv. {paris group), being connected by the aberration 

 I am about to describe. 



Papilio paris, L., male ab. schilli. — Male. With a streak of 

 filamentous scales on the first median nervule of upper surface 

 of fore wings. Hab. Assam. Two specimens. In my own and 

 the collection of Mr. Paul Schill. 



Transitional form to the ab. schilli. — With the cottony streak 

 very faint. Hab. Shillong, Assam. One specimen. In coll. 

 Watson. 



It is by no means unlikely that the ab. schilli is to be found 

 in other collections, where it has been unnoticed ; and here is 

 my contention, that by not having this aberration distinguished 

 a most interesting point may be kept in the background. I am 

 by no means one who favours the wholesale creation of species, 

 and on characters which will often not bear investigation, as is 

 often done, particularly on the Continent, and from a pecuniary 

 point ; but there are two ends to every stick, and I think the 

 most consistent plan is to pursue the medium line of modera- 

 tion, and the most thorough exposition of this middle course is 

 to be found in the plan of classification laid down and followed 

 by the Hon. Walter Kothschild in his 'Kevision of Papilios' 

 (loc. cit.), which, in reducing a host of so-called species to the 

 rank of subspecies (vars.), is the most drastic of which I know, 

 and is at the same time the most detailed in the classification of 

 every known form, variety, or aberration, according to its form, 

 season, locality, &c. 



The genus JEriocolias (Watson, Entom. xxviii. 166) will now 

 take rank as a subgenus, as I believe the aberrations of E. fieldii 

 and Colias erate I am about to describe will bridge over and 

 connect the two sections. 



Colias (subgenus Eriocolias) fieldii, Men., male ab. moorei, 

 Male. Without the congested scale-patch on costa of upper 

 surface of hind wings as normally found in individuals of this 

 species. Hab. N.W. Himalaya. One specimen. In coll. 

 Watson. 



I have named this aberration after Mr. Frederick Moore. 

 I have examined the twenty-eight males of E. fieldii in my 

 collection, and there is no variation in the size of the scale-spot, 

 except one example, other than a proportionate size to the insect; 

 the one exception is not less than two-thirds average size, and 

 I have seen and examined at least a hundred and fifty other 

 specimens. 



The entire opposite to this type of aberration is : — 



Colias erate, Esp., male ab. erioptera. Male. With a congested 

 scale-patch as normally found on costa of specimens of subgenus 



