376 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



the fore wings above the red band were much larger and not so clear 

 in outline, making them appear as though they had been put on with 

 chalk and then accidentally smudged ; on the end of the band nearest 

 the edge of the wing there was a white blotch ; the red margin on the 

 hind wings was devoid of the four black spots found on the usual 

 form ; at the foremost tip on the hind wings there was a clearly- 

 defined white spot. By Mr. Lusby, four specimens of Chrysophanus 

 phlceas, in which the coppery gloss was of a very light hue ; also 

 showed several very small specimens of Vanessa urtica. A discussion 

 ensued on the subject of the hybernation of Vanessa cardui. Mr, 

 Norman stated that his brother had taken very small larvae in the 

 late autumn, which upon being subjected to a microscopical 

 examination he made out to be Vanessa cardui, and this led 

 him to think that the species hybernated in the larval stage. — F. A. 

 Newbery, Reporting Secretary. 



OBITUAEY. 



Joseph Chappell. — By the death of Joseph Chappell, on October 

 3rd last, Manchester loses a high authority on all matters pertain- 

 ing to entomology, and Lancashire a fine example of the many 

 working-men naturalists. For upwards of forty years he not only 

 collected, but studied and observed, after the manner of the true 

 naturalist, the insects of the Manchester district. Of the Lepidoptera 

 and Coleoptera of this district his knowledge was great, and he 

 afforded valuable assistance in furnishing records for Dr. Ellis's 

 * Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Lancashire and Cheshire,' and 

 Canon Fowler's ' Coleoptera of Great Britain and Ireland.' Mr. 

 Chappell was gifted with a wonderful facility for discovering insects 

 new to bis district. His find of Lymexylon 7iavale in Durham Park will 

 occur to every coleopterist ; whilst amongst a host of discoveries in the 

 Lepidoptera he made out the life-history of Sesia culiciformis on Chat 

 Moss, obtained Notodonta hicolor in Burnt Wood, and was the first to 

 detect Tapi7iostola elymi as a British insect. The latter insect was con- 

 sidered to be only Leucania pallens by the collectors who took it on the 

 east coast, but he recognising it as a new species, advised Mr. Thorpe 

 to visit the locality, which was done, with the result that a good series 

 was sent to the late Mr. Henry Doubleday, and the species added to 

 the British Ust. For many years Mr. Chappell worked as a mechanic in 

 Sir Joseph Whitworth's works. About twelve years ago he suffered 

 the loss of one of his legs, which had to be amputated in consequence 

 of disease. During the Jubilee Exhibition at Old Trafford he was in 

 charge of the exhibition of living silkworm-moths. His geniality of 

 disposition endeared him to all his friends and acquaintances, and the 

 generosity with which he distributed duphcates of his captures made 

 him known (by name if not personally) to all our leading entomologists. 

 Mr. Chappell was an honorary member of the Lancashire and Cheshire 

 Entomological Society. His extensive and valuable collections had 

 recently been purchased by Mr. C. H. Schill. He was in his sixty- 

 seventh year. 



