1877.] Knowledge of tlie Burmese Flora. 1G7 



VicoA. Flowcr-hcads hotcrogamous or homogamous. Involucre usually broad, 

 the bracts narrow, in many rows. Achcnes hardly ribbed. Bristles of pappus very 

 thin, in a single row, rarely intermixed with a few minute scales. 

 + + Pappus none. 

 Carpesium. Flower-heads heterogamous, the female flowers tubular in numerous 

 rows. Achcnes many-ribbed, beaked. Herbs. 

 * * Female Jloivers if present filiform. 



X Style-branches of hermaphrodites usually truncate. Flower-heads 

 androgynous or unisexual, or homogamous Involucre-bracts usual- 

 ly scarious, hyaline or petaloid {Gnaphaliece). 

 + Flower-heads 1-flowercd. Pappus none. 

 C^suLiA. Flower-heads clustered, axillary, of 2 bracts only, inserted to the broad 

 receptacle and surrounded by a leafy involucre. Aquatic herbs, the leaves simple. 

 + + Flower-heads manjj^-flowered. 



t Flower-heads androgynous, usually with more female than 

 hermaphrodite florets, or more or less unisexual, dioecious 

 or monoecious, clustered or distinct. Involucre-bracts rare- 

 ly petaloid. 



O Hermaphrodite florets all sterile, the style usually entire 

 or scarcely and only very shortly 2-cleft. 

 Antennaria. Flower-heads strictly dioecious, in dense coiymbs or rarely solitary. 

 Bristles of pappus united at the base into a ring. Inflorescence not involucred. 



Leontopodium. Flower-heads unisexual or androgynous, monoecious or incom- 

 pletely dioecious, clustered or in dense cymes. Bristles of pappus united at the base 

 into a ring. Inflorescence involucred by the floral leaves. 



Anaphalis. Flower-heads androgynous or incompletely dioecious, in corymbs, 

 rarely few or solitary. Bristles of pappus free from the base. Inflorescence not invo- 

 lucred. 



Most or all hermaphrodite florets fertile. Style deep- 

 ly 2-cleft. 

 Gnaphalium. Flower-heads more or less androgynous, usually small and cluster- 

 ed, rarely solitary, the involucral bracts scarious, often coloured. Eay-florets very 

 numerovis, disk-florets few. Bristles of pappus not feathery, free or united at the base 

 into a ring. 



t t Flower-heads androgynous with usually fewer female than 



hermaphrodite florets, or homogamous with the florets 



all hermaphrodite. Involucre-bracts usually scarious. 



Helichrysum. Flower-heads in corymbs, or rarely solitary, the involucral bracts 



almost all or the inner ones or their laminae opaquely scarious or petal-like. Achcnes 



not beaked. Bristles of pappus smooth, rough or minutely bearded, rarely feathery 



towards the end. 



X X Style-branches of hermaphrodite flowers not truncate, filiform. 

 Flower-heads androgynous. 

 -f Female florets supported or enveloped by the scales of the recep- 

 tacle or by the involucre -bracts. 

 Athroisma. Flower-heads in dense terminal solitary clusters or short spikes. 

 Female florets subtended by the scales of the receptacle. Achenes broad, dorsally com- 

 pressed, ciliate on the margins. Scales of pappus very short, united into a ciliate- 

 fringed ring. Herbs, the leaves pinnatisect. 



