State Board of Forks try. 99 



cones drooping, pointed, 10-15 cm. (5-7 inches) long, about 2.5 cm 

 (1 inch) in (hameter when closed, about 4 cm. (2 inches) when 

 opened, falling during the winter. 



Distribution. Newfoundland to Manitoba, south to Iowa, Ohio 

 and along the Alleghany Mountains to northern Georgia. In Indi- 

 ana it is found on the dry sand dunes bordering Lake Michigan, 

 and in lower ground in sparing numbers for about 15 miles inland. 

 In a few places along the lake it was formerly common, but on 

 account of its commercial value was cut, and it has been succeeded 

 by a mixed forest. In this part of the State where it grows in low 

 ground it is associated with the white elm, black ash and soft maple. 

 It again appears on the sandstone bluffs of several creeks in War- 

 ren County. In this locality it is found near the edge of the bluffs 

 which range from 20 to 100 feet in height. It is next found on a 

 sandstone bluff of Sugar Creek in Montgomery County. At this 

 point a few trees are found, associated with the hemlock. Upon 

 good authority it is said a few trees occur in Clark County on the 

 tops of the hills near Borden, associated with Pinus virginiana and 

 a few in a similar location near St. Joe in Floyd County. In our 

 area it is usually a medium sized tree in the dry soil conditions and 

 a moderately large tree in the low ground. 



The published records of the distribution are as follows: Clark 

 (Baird and Taylor); ''a few counties in the southern, and a few in 

 the northern part of the State." (Coulter's Catalogue, Rept. Ind. 

 Geol. Surv., Vol. 24, p. 615.) 



Additional records are: Laporte (J. M. Coulter); Lake, Laporte, 

 Montgomery, Porter and Warren (Deam). 



Economic uses. Wood light, not strong, straight grained, works 

 easily, nails without splitting, seasons we'd, shrinks less than any 

 other pine, sap wood nearly white, heart wood a hght brown. The 

 supply in this State is so limited as to be of no economic impor- 

 tance. The white pine has been the most preferred of all American 

 woods for building material on account of its compact grain, work- 

 ing qualities, etc., until at present the supply is well nigh exhausted. 

 Once it was one of the cheapest, now it is equal in price to the more 

 rare and valuable timbers. 



Horticultural value. Frequently planted as an ornamental tree; 

 grows faster than any other American pine and is adapted to almost 

 any kind of soil, although its preference is for a silicious soil. It 

 should be propagated by planting seedlings. It has not been tried 

 for the purpose of reforesting in this State on a scale large enough 

 to predict results, however it appears that it would be one of the 

 best species to use in the sand dune region bordering Lake Michigan. 



