StATK RoAKI) ok FoifKSTRY. 113 



1. SALIX. TuE Willows. 



(Derived from the Celtic words, sal, near and lis, water; in allusion to their place of srowth). 



Trees or shrul)s with slender branches, leaves mostly long and 

 pointed, entire or glandular-toothed. There are thirteen species 

 native to the State and a few European species have become well 

 established. The genus has members adapted to the most varied 

 conditions of life, ranging from the forest, low banks of streams and 

 shores of lakes to the exposed and dry sand dunes of Lake Michi- 

 gan. The species sometimes hybridize and the relationships of 

 such hybrids are difficult of determination. This genus of trees 

 yields salicin, a substitute for quinine. The bark of some species is 

 used in medicine as a tonic and febrifuge. The wood is used to 

 some extent in the manufacture of charcoal and wood pulp. 



Twigs not yellow-green or yellow, stamens more than 2. 



Leaves green below, petioles without glands 1 S. nigra. 



Leaves glaucous or whitish beneath at least to near 

 maturity, petioles with or without glands. 

 Buds about 3 mm. (14 inch) long, petioles usually 



without glands 2 S. amygdaloides. 



Buds about 5-10 mm. (about li inch) long, petioles 



always with glands 3 S. lucida. 



Twigs yellow-green or yellow, stamens 2 4 S. alba. 



1. Salix nigra Marshall. Willow. Black Willow. Plate 

 15. Bark of trunk rough, thick, flaky, dark brown or nearly black; 

 twigs very brittle at the base, shoots pubescent at first and green 

 or greenish-brown, becoming smooth and darker; buds ovate, 2-3 

 mm. (J/g inch )long, acute; leaves narrowly-lanceolate, commonly 

 about 10 cm. (4 inches) long, 1 cm. (^/g inch) wide, long taper 

 pointed, acute or rounded at the base, finely serrate, bright green 

 and smooth above, paler and smooth beneath or pubescent along 

 the primary and secondary veins; petioles 4-8 mm. (3^-^ inch) 

 long; flowers appear in April or May. Variety falcata fPursh) 

 Torrey is a form with narrower and more curved leaves. 



Distribution. New Brunswick west to North Dakota, south to 

 Florida and west to Texas. More or less frequent throughout In- 

 diana on the banks of streams and on the borders of lakes and 

 swamps. On the low borders of some lakes and rivers it forms the 

 principal stand on considerable areas. In this State it is usually a 

 small crooked tree, except in the southwestern counties, where it 

 frequently becomes a medium or large sized tree. 



The published records of the distribution are as follows: Clark 

 (Baird and Taylor) and (Smith); Delaware, Jay, Randolph and 



