132 Eleventh Annual Report 



must be taken in seasoning to prevent checking, durable in con- 

 tact with the ground. The wood of this tree is the most valuable 

 of any of the Indiana forest trees and for this reason the supply 

 has been almost exhausted. There are yet isolated trees and small 

 areas which contain a few valuable trees which the owners are 

 holding for advanced prices. It is used principally for furniture, 

 office fixtures and gun stocks. 



Horticultural value. Adapted to a moist rich soil, grows rapidly, 

 has a long tap root, which makes it difficult to transplant, best 

 propagated by planting the nuts or germinated nuts. It is not 

 well adapted to shade tree purposes because the leaves do not make 

 a thick shade, appear late and fall early, although it could be 

 planted to good advantage along roadsides. This species gives 

 promise of being one of the most valuable for the purpose of re- 

 forestation in this State. 



1. Juglans cinerea Linnaeus. Butternut. White Walnut. 

 Plate 25. Leaves 3-6 dm. (12-24 inches) long, leaflets 7-17, 6-12 

 cm. {2'j/2-5 inches) long, lanceolate to oblong, short stalked, clammy 

 pubescent when young; flowers appear in May or June; fruit ripens 

 in October, 4-8 cm. (lJ^-3 inches) long, with four prominent longi- 

 tudinal ridges; kernel sweet and very oily. 



When grown in the forest it is a tall straight tree, attaining a 

 height of 20-30 m. (65-95 feet) and 6-9 dm. (2-3 feet) in diameter. 



Distribution. Valley of the St. Lawrence River south to the 

 Gulf States and west to Nebraska. Found in all parts of Indiana, 

 though very sparingly in some counties. In its distribution it is 

 usually found along streams, in ravines, and in two instances it has 

 been noted in old tamarack marshes. It is usually found in well 

 drained, gravelly soil. It must be regarded as infrequent and only 

 in a few localities has it been noted as frequent or common. 



The published records of the distribution are as follows: Carroll 

 (Thompson); Cass (Benedict and Elrod); Clark (Baird and Taylor), 

 (Barnes) and (Smith); Dearborn (Collins); Delaware (Phinney); 

 Delaware, Jay, Randolph and Wayne (Phinney); Fountain (Brown); 

 Franklin (Raymond) and (Meyncke); Gibson (Schneck); Hamilton 

 (Wilson); Jefferson (Coulter) and (Young); Knox (Thomas); Kos- 

 ciusko (Clark); Miami (Gorby); vicinity of New Albany (Clapp); 

 Noble (Van Gorder); Parke (Hobbs); Posey (Schneck); Steuben 

 (Bradner); Vigo (Blatchley); Wabash (Benedict and Elrod). 



Additional records are: Putnam (Grimes), (Lewis and Bridges) 

 and (MacDougal); Tippecanoe (Coulter); Brown, Delaware, Ful- 

 ton, Hamilton, Hancock, Johnson, Madison, Morgan, Montgom- 

 ery, Porter, Wells (Deam). 



