184 Eleventh Annual Report 



The published records of the distribution are as follows: Car- 

 roll (Thompson); Cass (Benedict and Elrod); Clark (Baird and 

 Taylor) ; Delaware (Phinney) ; Delaware, Jay, Randolph and Wayne 

 (Phinney) ; Fountain (Brown) ; Franklin (Raymond) and (Meyncke) ; 

 Gibson (Schneck); Hamilton (Wilson); Jay (M'Caslin); JefTerson 

 (Coulter) ; Knox (Ridgway) ; Kosciusko (Clark) ; Marion (Wilson) ; 

 Miami (Gorby); Noble (Van Gorder); Parke (Hobbs); Posey 

 (Schneck); Putnam (Wilson); Steuben (Bradner); Vigo (Blatchley); 

 Wabash (Benedict and Elrod). 



Additional records are : Jefferson (Clapp) ; Posey (MacDougal 

 and Wright); Putnam (Grimes); Tippecanoe (Coulter) and (Dor- 

 ner); Blackford, Delaware, Gibson, Knox, Laporte, Posey, Starke, 

 VermiUion and Wells (Deam). 



Economic uses. Wood and uses similar to that of the white oak. 



5. Quercus bicolor Willdenow. Swamp White Oak. Plate 48. 

 Bark on the trunk deeply and irregularly fissured, sometimes on 

 old trees separating and curling up at the side into long plates, 

 which seldom fall off, gray or reddish-brown; branchlets green, 

 slightly pubescent when they appear, becoming glabrous and a 

 purplish-brown by the end of the year; winter buds ovoid, blunt, 

 brown, about 3 mm. (f/g inch) long, scales somewhat hairy, leaves 

 on petioles 5-20 mm. (3^-J^ inch) long, obovate to oblong-obovate, 

 0.7-2 dm. (3-8 inches) long, rounded or pointed at the apex, wedge- 

 shaped or narrowly rounded at the base, coarsely round toothed or 

 somewhat pinnatifid, teeth glandular tipped, primary veins run- 

 ning to the points of the teeth, bronze-green and hairy on both sur- 

 faces when they unfold, at maturity becoming thick, dark green, 

 smooth and shiny above, whitish with woolly hairs beneath; acorns 

 usually in pairs on stalks 2.5-8 cm. (1-3 inches) long; nut ovoid, 

 2-2.5 cm. (M-lJ/g inches) long, somewhat hairy near the summit, 

 inclosed for fully one third its length in the shallow cup-shaped 

 cup which is pubescent within; scales acute, closely appressed ex- 

 cept the tips which sometimes form a fringe-like border at the top, 

 scurfy pubescent and frequently tuberculate; kernel sweetish. 



Distribution Maine to Michigan and eastern Iowa, south to 

 Florida and west to Texas. Frequent throughout Indiana in wet 

 woods, usually associated with the burr oak from which it is not 

 commonly separated. It grows to be a large tree, although as a 

 rule not quite so large as the burr oak. 



The published records of the distribution are as follows: Car- 

 roll (Thompson); Cass (Coulter); Clark (Baird and Taylor) and 



