State Board of Forestry. 253 



1. Crataegus Crus-Galli Linnseus. Cock-spur Thorn. New- 

 castle Thorn. Plate 80. Bark dark gray, scaly; spines many, 

 strong, straight, 3-18 cm. (1-7 inches) long; leaves obovate to ellip- 

 tical, 2-10 cm. (M-4 inches) long, 1-4 cm. (3^-1 H inches) wide, sharply 

 serrate, except towards the base, acute or rounded at the apex, cune- 

 ate, dark green and shining above, coriaceous, glabrous or occasion- 

 ally sHghtly pubescent; petioles slightly winged above, glandless, 1-2 

 cm. (^-^ inch) long; corymbs glabrous or occasionally pubescent, 

 many flowered; flowers appear in May or June, about 1.5 cm. (2/3 

 inch) wide, stamens 10-20, anthers usually pink, calyx lobes lance- 

 olate-acuminate, entire, styles and nutlets usually 2; fruit ripens in 

 October, ellipsoidal-ovoid to subglobose about 1 cm. (^ inch) thick, 

 greenish to red; flesh hard and dry, rather thin. 



Distribution. Northern New York to Ontario, eastern Kansas 

 and south through western Connecticut to Georgia and Texas. In- 

 troduced near Montreal, about Lake Champlain and on Nantucket 

 Island. Well distributed in Indiana but apparently more common 

 in the south part of the State. 



A small tree, sometimes 10 m. (35 feet) high, with spreading 

 branches and a broad crown; but often a large shrub. This is a 

 variable species and has received many names. 



I have seen specimens from the following counties: Crawford 

 (Deam); Decatur (Mrs. C. C. Deam); Gibson (Schneck); Jackson 

 (Deam); Knox (Schneck); Lawrence and Posey (Deam); Owen 

 (Grimes); Yigo (Blatchley); Wells (Deam). 



Economic uses. The timber is hard and tough, similar to the 

 ordinary apple, and useful for the same purposes as applewood. 



Horticultural uses. Valuable hedge plant, and its shiny, dark 

 green leaves and abundance of white flowers make it also a highly 

 ornamental plant for parks and lawns. 



2. Crataegus cuneiformis (Marshall) Eggleston. Marshall's 

 Thorn. (C pausiaca Ashe). Plate 81. Bark dark brown, scaly; 

 spines numerous, 2-18 cm. (M-7 inches) long; leaves oblanceolate- 

 obovate, acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, serrate or doubly 

 serrate, 3-6 cm. (1M-2K inches) long, 1.5-4 cm. (K-13^ inches) 

 wide, dark vivid yellow-green, glabrous and impressed-veined above 

 when mature, subcoriaceous; petioles 1-2 cm. (^-M inch) long, 

 slightly winged above; corymbs usually sHghtly pubescent, many 

 flowered; flowers appear in May, 1.2-1.5 cm. (3^-2/3 inch) wide; 

 stamens 10-15, anthers dark pink, styles and nutlets 2-4, calyx 

 lobes lanceolate-acuminate, entire; fruit ripens in October, elhp- 



