STATJi Board of FoRKSTiiY. 337 



before Fraxinus pennsylvanica; samara lar^e, ^cnc^ally 4-6 cm. 

 (15^-25^ inches) long, frequently falcate, the wing generally 8-9 

 mm. (34 inch) wide in the middle, commonly obtuse and notched 

 at the apex, body heavy, about 2/3 as long as the wings. 



Distribution. New York south to North Carolina and Louisiana 

 and west to Missouri. In Indiana it is found in a few counties in 

 the southwestern part of the State. It grows in swamps which 

 are inundated for several months during the year. A character- 

 istic of the tree is to develop a swelled base. An average sized 

 tree measured as follows: 6 dm. (2 feet) above the ground, 36 dm. 

 (141 inches) in circumference; 12.5 dm. (43/^ feet) above the ground, 

 28 dm. (113 inches) in circumference; 18 dm. (6 feet) above the 

 ground, the top of the swelled base 23.5 dm. (94 inches) in circum- 

 ference. 



There are no published records of the distribution of this species 

 in Indiana. It has been taken in Gibson, Marion and Posey Coun- 

 ties by Deam. Although it has been known for years to be a mem- 

 ber of our flora both by Dr. J. Schneck and Robert Ridgway, it 

 has never been published. Dr. Schneck's specimens were labeled 

 Fraxinus profunda Beadle. The specimen taken in Marion County 

 was from a medium sized tree in moist soil along a roadside. In 

 appearance it resembles Fraxinus americana. The existence of 

 this tree in this locality is puzzling and additional study may show 

 that the species has a wider range than indicated and that it may 

 be found in drier situations than inundated swamps. 



Economic uses. Similar to that of the white ash. Millmen who 

 are acquainted with the tree say it is rarely ever hollow at the 

 swelled base. 



5. Fraxinus quadrangulata Michaux. Blue Ash. Plate 125. 

 Bark of mature trees light gray, separating in large thin plates, 

 usually curling up at the side; shoots green, gradually turning gray, 

 4-angled, or vigorous shoots developing 4 wings about 2 mm. (1/16 

 inch) high, smooth; leaves 2-3 dm. (8-12 inches) long, petioles more 

 or less pubescent, usually somewhat winged at the base, not deeply 

 grooved; leaflets 7-11, ovate oblong to lanceolate, long taper-pointed 

 at the apex, unequal at the base, rounded or wedge-shaped, mar- 

 gins usually with a few shallow teeth, sometimes sharply serrate or 

 entire, the lateral leaflets on stalks 2-12 mm. (1/10-3/5 inch) long, 

 the terminal one on a stalk 2 or 3 times as long, hairy beneath 

 when they unfold, smooth or somewhat hairy at maturity, glabrous 

 above, yellow-green both above and below; flowers appear before 



