1903.] H. W. Peal—" Qreen Bug " and other Jassids as food. 7 



of the rudimentary circulatory system, and when the organ is in motion it 

 throws the circulatory fluid into a pulsating motion for some distance 

 within the body cavity. 1 have been unable so far to detect the actual 

 formation of the globules of honey dew, but as soon as the lingula comes 

 to rest after a series of protrusions a small globule may be seen just 

 within the lower end of the lingula. This globule advances slowly, 

 being apparently forced forward by the movement of the lingula, and 

 after awhile reaches the tip of that organ. I have never observed these 

 globules within the lingula of an adult insect, but once on examining an 

 adult male of Aleurodes simula, I perceived a globule of honey dew em- 

 erging from the lingula. 



There is no doubt that the function of the organ is the secretion of 

 honey dew and the operculum may be regarded as a protective covering 

 to this organ. 



It would appear that but little honey dew is formed by these insects 

 compared with the majority of the coccids, aphids, or psyllids. 



The " Qreen Bug" and other Jassids as food for Birds. — 

 By H. W. Peal, F.E.S. 



In 1897, a very interesting paper by Mr. F. Finn, the Deputy 

 Superintendent of the Indian Museum, appeared on this subject in 

 Indian Museum Notes. 



Mr. Finn, however, confined his attention to the " green bug " 

 (Nezara viridula, Linn.), which periodically at the beginning of every 

 cold weather appears in swarms in Calcutta. Fortunately this little 

 intruder contents itself with a merely temporary visit, as during the 

 period of its stay it is a source of no little discomfort. This, on the 

 other hand, is the true reason why the suggestion put forward by 

 Mr. Finn has not up to now, at any rate to my knowledge, received the 

 notice it really deserves. The period of its stay is far too short to 

 make its collection profitable. 



Some time back, while investigating the operations of the mango 

 jassid (Ideocerus niveosparsus, Leitherry), it struck me that it would be 

 an excellent addition to the " green bug " as a bird food. This jassid 

 may in most years be found in swarms in mango topes in February, 

 March, and April. It subsists by sucking out the juices from the young 

 flower shoots of the mango. This insect is one of the most serious of 

 our mango pests. Still later in June and July I found another jassid 



