1884.] of the Bay of Bunged in 1883. 147 



The observations given in the ships' logs, although not mimerous, 

 confirm the information of the land observations given above. 



The Frank Stafford and Kwang Tung, north of Lat. 20° N". and near 

 the Head of the Bay, met with light northerly winds or calms and a smooth 

 sea. The Mount Stuart and Scottish Hill were passing very slowly up 

 the Bay at this time. The former was in Lat. 13° 56' N. and Long 91° 

 31' E., and observed several of the evidences of cyclonic formation in 

 its neighbourhood. The area of heavy rainfall, as already noticed, had 

 contracted. This explains the fact mentioned in her log that in the 

 morning there were only a few light clouds in the sky. The weather, 

 however, rapidly changed during the day, and became squally in the after- 

 noon. Sharp sqaalls were experienced at sunset. The barometer was also 

 falling rather rapidly. Winds were from north, and increased in strength 

 from 1 to 4 during the day, indicating the rapid increase of indraught. 

 The Scottish Hill was 120 miles further to the west, and had winds 

 ranging between N. E. and N. W. during the day. They were very 

 light and variable during the earlier part of the day, but the weather be- 

 came squally towards the evening, and arched rain squalls passed over 

 the ship at 8 p. m. The Satara, which was passing from Gopalpore 

 to Rangoon, was in Lat. 17° 56' N. and Long. 88° 45' E. at noon. The 

 winds varied during the day between N. N. E. and E. N. E., but 

 decreased in strength during the afternoon. She experienced light 

 breezes and fine clear weather throughout the day. The Chanda and 

 Marhatta left Saugor in the evening, and had fine weather and a clear 

 sky. 



Hence, except in the neighbourhood of the Andamans, weather was 

 fine. A definite cyclonic circulation had been established to the east of 

 the Andamans between 10 A. m. of the 9th and 10 A. m. of the 10th. 

 The area of rainfall had for some time contracted, and the rainfall had 

 intensified over the diminished area. Winds of indraught had hence 

 been established, and were increasing in force. This proceeded slowly at 

 first, but, during the evening of the 10th and morning of the 11th, it went 

 on more rapidly, and there was a perfectly well-defined cyclonic circulation, 

 or large atmospheric whirl, established in that part of the Bay on the 

 morning of the 11th November. 



11th November. — During the previous 24 hours the barometer had 

 risen rapidly over Northern and Central India. The increase of pressure 

 was due to the filling up of the depression in the Punjab and neigh- 

 bouring districts. The rise of the barometer at Peshawar and Rawal 

 Pindi was *2". The depression had given a large amount of rain over 

 the Punjab, and stormy weather over the north-west Himalayas, on the 

 higher parts of which much snow had fallen. Amongst the heaviest rain- 



