1899.] h. de Niceville— Lis« of the Butterflies of Oeylon. 177 



4. Danais (Tirumala) septentrionis, Butler. 



Occurs commonly everywhere. The larva in Ceylon does not 

 appear to have been discovered ; in the Western Himalayas it feeds on 

 Vallaris. It occurs in many parts of India, Burma, the Malay Peninsula, 

 Indo-China, and many of the Malayan Islands. Mr. H. Fruhstorfer 

 has recently, named this species from South India and Ceylon Tirumala 

 melissa dravidarum (Berl. Ent. Zeitsch., vol. xliv, pp. 113, 1191 — 899). 

 We do not think that this southern race of D. septentrionis can be 

 separated from the northern one. 



5. Danais (Limnas) chrysippus, Linnaeus. 



Moore as Salatura chrysippus. Very common all over the island. 

 The larva feeds on Galotropis and Asclepias. Found also in S.-E. Europe, 

 nearly all Africa and its satellite islands, all southern continental Asia, 

 the Loochoo Islands, and many of the western islands of the Malay 

 Archipelago. 



6. Danais {Salatura) plexippus, Linnaeus. 



Moore as Salatura genutia, Cramer. Very common indeed every- 

 where. In Calcutta, de Niceville has seen the eggs of this species laid 

 on Cynanchum corymhosum, Wight, in the Western Himalayas it feeds 

 on an allied species of the same genus, and Dr. Moore gives Raphis, 

 Ceropegea and Baphanus as its food-plants in Ceylon. It is found in most 

 parts of India, Burma, the Malay Peninsula, Indo-China, Southern 

 China, and Hainan and Formosa Isles. 



7. Danais (Parantica) aglea, Cramer. 



Moore as Parantica ceylonica (recte ceyla7iica), Felder. A local 

 race of this species is the North and Eastern Indian D. melanoides, 

 Moore. In Ceylon it is an abundant and widely distributed butterfly 

 flying nearly all the year round. The larva in South India and Ceylon 

 feeds oil Tylopliora and Galotropis. Dr. Moore says that D. grammica of 

 Boisduval from Java is a synonym of D. aglea, and that he has a 

 single female of it from Java. D. ceylanica, Felder, is another synonym. 



8. Danais (Qhittira) taprobana, Felder. 



Moore as Qhittira fumata, Butler. One of the most distinctive 

 butterflies of Ceylon, and peculiar to the Island. It is abundant nearly 

 all the year round in the hill country, but not below 5,000 feet, espe- 

 cially common in the neighbourhood of Nuwara Eliya. It has been 

 recorded from as low as 3,000 feet. Its transformations still await 

 discovery. 



