148 0, Little — The Himalayan summer storm of Sept, 24thj 1903. [No. 4, 



manifestly survives over one or more winters, while the other species, 

 to judge from their weak attachments, may be annual. 



Vern. Tuzg. — Sent by Col. 0. A. MacMahon from the Helmund 

 lagoons where it is gregarious and abundant, with Arundo Donax Linn., 

 Scirpus maritimus Linn., and other fen plants of the temperate and 

 sub-tropical zones of the northern hemisphere. 



JN'amed after the writer's friend, Mr. T. J. R. Ward of the Punjab 

 Irrigation Department, who has supplied full and interesting notes on 

 this collection of aquatic species from the Helmund. 



The Himalayan summer storm of September 24:th, 1903, and the weather 

 immediately subsequent to that date in Northern Indian — By 0. 

 Little, m.a. (With Plate vi.) 



[Read March 2nd, 1904.] 



Although in this paper some reference is made to the past two 

 rainy seasons, the discussion in the main deals with occurrences towards 

 the close of the monsoon season of 1903. My reason for making this 

 arrangement is the belief that these later events bring into stronger 

 relief the importance of considering to what these events are due. It 

 will, I am sure, be obvious to all that until such occurrences can be 

 fully accounted for afterwards, there is no prospect of their being fore- 

 seen with even a semblance of accuracy. 



In the Englishman of September 15th, 1903, there appeared the 

 usual weekly report of Meteorological observations at St. Xavier's Col- 

 lege. To that report a note was added giving expression to the idea that 

 the monsoon season had practically come to an end in Northern India. 

 The note closed with the following sentence : " This year, 1903, there 

 seems therefore to be greater fear for a speedy termination of the rainy 

 period." 



1 In the Monthly Weather Review for September 1903, published in February 

 1904, the following is the summary of the weather in the former month : — 



" During September 1903, the weather was more disturbed than usual over the 

 Bay area and surrounding regions, occasioned by a series of small storms which was 

 developed over the Bay, and thence progressed through the central parts of the 

 country into Upper India. Over Western India, on the contrary, the weather was 

 fairly quiet. The south-west monsoon was, on the whole, weaker than usual over 

 the Arabian Sea, and the rains ceased at about the normal date over North-west 

 India," i 



