Vol. 54.] 



EXPLOKATION OF TY NEWYDD CAVES. 



121 



large chamber, 19 feet across and 12 feet high, of which the roof still 

 projects some 7 to 10 feet. In some places stalactites adhere to the 

 roof ; an old man still remembers coming to the cave as a boy, and 

 knocking off the ' icicles ' to feed a limekiln which stood on the site of 

 the present cottage. The eastern side of this chamber was occupied 

 by a bank of drift extending 6 feet into the cavern and concealing 

 the mouth of a cave, the ' Eastern Cave.' On the extreme west. 



Fig. 1. 



Valley Between 

 Cae Gwyn Cave 



AND 



Graig Tremeirchion 



^f» — 



Fence 



Marine Drift with 

 "hells found at this level 



Openings made at^ 

 various heights^ 



Summit of Graja 



595 ft y'^ 



/Swallow 

 /Hole not yet 

 exfjiored 



f- Northern Drift 



found at this level, 520 ft, 

 200-, 



21ft. Sin 



,...Y._ 



Cae Gwyn Cave Opening 400'/tkjTu Newu dH Caves 

 403ft.6in ■" *''- ^^ 



Ffynnon Beuno 

 pave 386ft. 6in 



Swallow Hole in West Cave 



150- 

 Datum Line 425 ft. 



iTy Newydd Cottage 

 ''Opening 380 ft. 

 {'Opening 365 ft' 

 J .\jBrook 343ft. 



Note- The vertical scale is 4 times 

 as large as the horizontal scale. 



^ 100-] 



50- 



.klctft Well & farm of Ffynnon 

 -^iiM=- Beuno 300 ft. 



Horizontal Scale 

 50 100 200 



400 Feet 



O-l 



at a slightly lower level, was a second bank of drift which 

 proved to be standing in the entrance of the ' Western Cave.' 



For convenience of measurement we took a uniform datum-line, 

 at 425 feet above the sea-level and 21 feet above the floor of 

 Cae Gwyn Cave. The lower part of the front and all the cliff-face 

 showed boring-holes of the former quarry-work. 



The material found in the caves may be classified as follows : — 

 1. Disturbed material. This consists of large angular and 

 subangular pieces of limestone, sometimes much fretted from long 

 exposure to the wet drift, but frequently with fresh faces, presum- 

 ably due to quarry-work. The matrix is a red sandy clay without 

 lamination, similar to that in the smaller vertical fissures near the 

 surface. This bed also contained many large broken stalactites and 

 pieces of stalagmite up to 1 inch thick. It occurs only on the top 

 of the bank in front of the Eastern Cave. 



