126 EEV. G. C. H. POLLEN ON THE [Feb. 1 898, 



Middle of Sect. 7. Southern 

 portion of Eastern Cave. 



Ft. ins. 

 Sand 6 



Laminated clav 4 



Middle of Sect. 8. NortJiem 

 portion of Eastern Cave. 



Ft. ins. 



Plastic clav 3 



Yellow claj 1 5 



plastic clay and gravel .. . 2 11 \ Laminated clay 5 



Clayey gravel 1 b \ Sand over 3 



Laminated clay 1 11 



Sand over 6 



III. The Western Caye. 



The Western Cave is a fissure-tunnel extending a considerable 

 distance into the hillside, with its roof more or less parallel to the 

 slope of the hill at a distance of 16 to 20 feet, but this distance 

 diminishes as we proceed farther. 



Before we began our excavation, a body of laminated clay was 

 visible on the extreme west of the mouth, running parallel to the 

 side. This, aided by some larger stones from the gravel and a small 

 oblique patch of clay, gave the whole bed the appearance of dipping 

 almost vertically. On cutting back, however, to an undisturbed 

 face, it was seen that there was a distinct horizontal stratification, 

 and the laminae along the wall were found to be of a different 

 appearance and texture from those met with elsewhere, being probably 

 due to material washed down from the other beds, and deposited in 

 the space left by shrinkage of the whole mass. Similar beds of sand, 

 clay, or gravel were found at intervals in many parts of the cave. 



TJnder the mouth, at a height of 414 feet above sea-level, there 

 was a large block of stone extending into the cave some 7 feet. 

 As we were unable for the present to remove this, we made our floor 

 to the same level, only once sinking a shaft 3 feet deeper into the 

 gravel at a distance of 7 feet from the mouth. The true floor of 

 the cave has not been found in any part of the excavations. 



The succession of beds in the cave was as follows : — 



1. Sand, usually 1 foot deep in the part nearest the mouth, but 

 much deeper under the two vertical openings to be described later. 

 Beyond the second opening the sand appears to increase rapidly. 

 At 65 feet from the mouth it is over 6 feet deep. 



2. CI a}', laminated in part, especially near the vertical openings, 

 but becoming plastic in other parts, very variable in thickness. It 

 is, however, traceable as a more or less distinct bed throughout, 

 though interrupted. 



3. Sandy gravel. This stratum, from 4 to 12 inches in thick- 

 ness, is a most characteristic bed. Although the proportion of 

 sand and clay in its composition varied, it could always be recog- 

 nized by the presence of broken stalagmite | to 1^ inch or more 

 thick, and also of subangular chert, which was abundant in this 

 and the lowest gravel, but absent from the intermediate beds. 



4. Plastic clay and clayey gravels. These were met with 

 in very variable beds or masses, especially in the first 40 feet 



